Publication:

父母親的運動期望價值信念及行為涉入、兒童知覺父母涉入的品質與兒童的運動期望價值信念及運動參與行為

本研究是以Eccles等人（1983）的期望價值理論及Eccles（1998）的父母社會化模式為基礎，來探討父母影響兒童參與運動的機制。研究問題為父母親的期望、價值信念及行為對於兒童的期望、價值信念的影響是否會受到兒童知覺父母涉入的品質所調節。樣本為三所國小的二、三、四年級學童及其父母（N=674），以階層迴歸分析及標準迴歸分析進行資料檢驗，其中父母親的期望、價值信念、行為涉入及器材提供為預測變項，兒童知覺父母涉入的品質為調節變項，兒童的期望、價值信念為效標變項。研究發現顯示父母親的期望、價值信念及行為對於兒童的期望、價值信念的影響並不會受到兒童知覺父母涉入的品質所調節，但父母親的期望、價值信念對於兒童的期望價值信念有顯著的預測力，且父親的行為涉入對於兒童的期望信念也有預測力。在兒童方面，兒童知覺父母涉入的品質對於兒童的期望信念有預測力，且兒童的價值信念對於兒童的運動行為也有預測力。此發現對於未來探討父母影響兒童參與運動的機制，提供了一個值得進一步檢驗的方向。

The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of parents on children’s sport participation, based on expectancy-value model (Eccles et al.,1983) and parents socialization model (Eccles, 1998). The main research question was that whether the influence of parents’ expectancy-value beliefs and involvement behaviors to children’s expectancy-value beliefs and sport participation was moderated by children’s perceived quality of their parents’ involvement. Children and parents of grade 2 to 4 from three elementary schools participated in this study. Sequencial and standred regression analyses were conducted. Predictor variables were parents’ expectancy-value beliefs, levels of behavior involvement, and equipment provision. Moderate variables were children’s perceived quality of parents’ involvement, and criterion variables were children’s expectancy-value beliefs and sport participation. Results did not show that the prediction of parents expecyancy-value beliefs and involvement behaviors to children’s expectancy-value beliefs was moderated by children’s perceived quality of parents’ involvement. However, parents’ expectancy-value beliefs did predicte children’s expectancy-value beliefs and father’s behavior involvement, but not mothers’, predicted children’s expectancy beliefs. For children, their perceptions of parents’ involvement predicted their expectancy beliefs, and their value beliefs predicted their levels of sport participation.