This study focused on the sport commitment of elderly ballroom dance participants on the basis of the six determinants of sport commitment: sport enjoyment, involvement opportunity, involvement alternative, personal investment, social constraint, and social support (Scanlan, Carpenter, Schmidt, et al., 1993, Wilson et al., 2004). The purpose of this study was to understand the relationships between the demographic and behavioral characteristics with commitment and participation frequency of the elderly ballroom dance participants. A total of 180 questionnaires were distributed to elderly ballroom dance participants in dance studios and dance halls in Taichung, Taiwan between August to October 2011. There were 173 questionnaires in return (response rate 83%). The data collected were evaluated using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and regression. The results are as follow: 1. There were no gender differences to sport commitment of elderly ballroom dancers, but personal investment was shown to be more significant than that of sport enjoyment which was contradictory to previous researches (Scanlan, Carpenter, Schmidt, et al., 1993, Wilson et al., 2004). 2. The effects of participation pattern were significant on sport commitment, personal investments and involvement opportunity. 3. The effects of participation type were significant on personal investment. Participants who participate in both types of dance (modern and latin) showed significance on personal investment. 4. Sport commitment was predicted by sport enjoyment, involvement opportunity, and social constraints. 5. The behavior of elderly ballroom dancers was shown to be significantly related to the overall sport commitment.