Publication:

以實驗研究法探討三向度成就目標對於能力知覺、能力評價、內在動機和運動表現的影響

本研究旨在擴展Cury 及其同僚 (2002) 的研究，以常模的能力回饋方式，探討國小體育課情境中三向度成就目標對於能力知覺、能力評價、內在動機和運動表現的影響。本研究以國小高年級學生210人為受試樣本，以抽籤的方式隨機分派至精熟組、表現趨近組和表現逃避組，每組最後有效樣本男、女各10人，共60人。本研究為實驗室研究，主要活動為一分鐘羽球反手擊球測驗，量表施測部份為受試者的能力知覺和能力評價，並觀察受試者在五分鐘自由選擇時間中，練習羽球反手擊球時間的長短來測量內在動機的高低。能力知覺、能力評價共測量四次，分別在操弄前、後和兩次反手擊球後。內在動機的行為共測量兩次，分別在操弄前和第二次反手擊球前。收集到的數據以相關分析、Ｔ檢定和單因子變異數分析來進行統計考驗。

研究結果如下：

1.T檢定及單因子變異數分析結果顯示，不同的性別、班級、施測時間和各組正手擊球能力對於各變項沒有顯著的差異。

2.單因子變異數分析結果顯示，操弄前、後，各變項均並沒有顯著的組間的差異。

3.T檢定結果顯示，(1)精熟、表現趨近和表現逃避組的受試者，情境操弄後的能力知覺，均顯著高於情境操弄前、(2)表現趨近組操弄後的能力評價顯著高於情境操弄前。

4.相關分析結果顯示，(1)表現趨近組的內在動機和運動表現有顯著正相關、(2)第一次反手擊球後的能力評價和內在動機有顯著正相關。

This study aims to extend the research by Cury and his colleagues (2002) on the trichotomous achievement goals for the impact of perceived competence、competence valuation、intrinsic motivation and sport performance .The subjects of this study was 210 higher grade elementary students and randomly assigned to mastery group 、performance approach group and performance avoidance group by drawing lots. 20 effective samples in each group and evenly divided between male and female. This is a laboratory research and main activity is badminton backhand test for one minute. Measuring perceived competence and competence valuation with scales and secretly observe how much time does subjects spand practicing badminton backhand in five minute free period time to assess the level of intrinsic motivation. Perceived competence and competence valuation were measured four times , before and after manipulation and after two badminton backhand tests , respectively. Intrinsic motivation were measured two times , before manipulation and before the second badmintion backhand test, respectively. In this study, correlation analysis, t-test, one-way anova were used for statistical tests. The results are as follows:

1、The results of t-test and one-way anova analysis: Different sex、school class、experimental period and badminton forehand ability of each group for each variable there is no significant difference.

2、The results of t-test and one-way anova analysis:Before and after manipulation, the variables are not significant different between there groups.

3、The results of t-test analysis:(1) After manipulation, perceived competence of all subjects is significantly higher than before manipulation.(2) After manipulation, competence valuation of performance approach group is significantly higher than before manipulation.

4、The results of correlation analysis:Intrinsic motivation and sport performance of performance approach group show a significant positive correlation.