Publication:

高迴轉訓練對青少年自由車選手計時性項目之影響－臺中市選手為例

本研究目的在探討青少女自由車選手，經八週高迴轉訓練後的運動表現。研究方法以清泉國中5名青少年選手為樣本，採實驗研究法探究。参與研究者平均數(M)與標準差(SD)，分別為年齡 (age) 16歲，±2.1； 身高(cm) 160公分，±3.4； 體重(kg) 53公斤，±5.7 ；車齡(year) 4年，±2.2，結果發現在發車最大功率、行進間功率輸出、最高車行速度、最大迴轉數、高速迴轉時能量衰竭、高速迴轉時身體穩定程度等項目，對預賽時的200公尺爭先賽(Sprint)成績有極高程度相關。自由車運動屬封閉式動力鏈技巧性項目，如何經由適當訓練方式來增進各種的能量系統發揮淋漓盡致。研究結果發現就肌肉運作基本型態，爆發力、肌力、肌耐力、速耐力與耐力等，因項目與距離不同，穩定配速的踩踏技巧與適當的機動性更是不可或缺必備條件。並建議青少年時期訓練重點以廣泛性身體發展為主，其中以自我身體認知、肢體協調統合、微細血管分布、心肺功能與肌肉神經連結支配為首要，為日後即將進行的高強度訓練紮下厚實基礎，俟青年期成長階段骨骼與肌肉能達其負荷再實行專項性訓練將事半功倍。然此研究針對高迴轉時所產生的生理表現，乳酸堆積及排除與耐血乳酸能力不在本研究範疇。

The aim of this study was to investigate teenager’s cyclists, the performance of training for eight-week high-intensity cadence training. Method: Subjects were 5 teenage cyclists in Ching Chyuan Junior High school by experimentation. The M and SD of the subject–age 16 ± 2.1; height 160cm ± 3.4; kilogram 53kg ± 5.7; age of riding bikes 4 year ± 2.2. Result: in the beginning of starting bicycles of the maximum power, the road between the power output, the maximum driving speed, the maximum rotational speed, the energy failure when high-intensity cadence, the body in stability when high-intensity cadence, etc., has a high correlation on the 200 meter preliminaries Sprint scores. Cycling activities belongs to close kinetic chain item, how to enhance a variety of energy systems into extreme saturation by appropriate training method. The results show that the basic operations on muscle types, explosive power, muscular strength, muscular endurance, speed endurance and stamina, etc., due to the difference between items and distances, steady pedaling pace and appropriate motilities skills will be indispensable prerequisite. And suggested that teenagers should focus on physical development of extensively training. With all importance among self-body awareness, body coordination and integration, blood capillaries distribution, cardio-pulmonary function and muscle nerve linking control. To set the substantial basis for future upcoming high-intensity training, as soon as teenagers’ bones and muscle at the growth stage, they can reload in the specialized training will be more effective to implement. However, the study of high-intensity cadence of the physiological performance, the accumulation, excludability, and lactate tolerance capacity would not be in this study aspect.