Publication:

國立臺灣體育學院運動代表隊競技心理技能之研究

本研究旨在探討國立臺灣體育學院運動代表隊競技心理技能之現況，及不同背景變項的差異。以國立臺灣體育學院代表隊員為對象，應用邱玉惠所編製「運動員心理技能量表」問卷進行研究，問卷共發680份，有效問卷662份（可用率97.35﹪）。所獲資料整理得結果如下：

一、全體之心理競技能力達中等程度以上（3.34）。以「可教導性」，最高（3.58），「專注」最低（2.95）。

二、不同性別在「動機」、「壓力處理與逆境調適」、「可教導性」以及「專注」向度上男性優於女性，且有顯著差異。

三、曾修習運動心理學課程在「動機」、「自信心」向度上高於未修習者，且達顯著差異。

四、不同運動代表隊中團體球類在「動機」向度上高於技擊類及個人項目，且達顯著差異。

五、不同運動專長經歷十一年(含)以上在「壓力處理與逆境調適」以及「自信心」向度上高於一至五年及六至十年，且達顯著差異，而「專注」則反之。

六、運動比賽經歷中，曾參加國際賽者在「動機」、「壓力處理與逆境調適」以及「自信心」向度上高於未曾參加國內大專盃或全(區)運及曾參加國內大專盃或全(區)運，且達顯著差異，而「專注」則反之。

本研究結果可提供國立臺灣體育學院教練、選手以及心理輔導人員，了解選手們的心理技能現況，以利選手提昇運動成績與表現，爭取最佳成績。

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research is to explore the psychological skills of outstanding athletes. The research take the athletes from “National Taiwan College of Physical Education” as subjects by using questionnaire investigation method. Valid questionnaires are 662 copies out of a total of 680 (Usable range 97.35%). The conclusions of the research are as follow.

1.The degree of the psychological skills of outstanding athletes is about medium degree(Average 3.34), with “coachability” being the highest (3.58), “concentration” the lowest (2.95).

2.Athletes of different genders have significant differences in the variables of “motivation”, “peaking under pressure and coping with adversity”, “coachability” and “concentration”, and male have higher value than female.

3.Whether athletes have taken the course of “exercise psychology” brings significant difference in the variables of “motivation” and “self-confidence”, and the ones have taken the course have higher value.

4.Athletes from different varsity have significant difference in the variable of “motivation”, and the ball-team has higher value.

5.Athletes with different specialties show significant difference in the variables of “peaking under pressure and coping with adversity”, “self-confidence”, and the athletes with training 11 years have higher value.

6.Athletes with different experiences of contests and competitions show significant differences in the variables of “motivation”, “peaking under pressure and coping with adversity”, “self-confidence”, and the athletes with forgien contest experiences have higher value.

The conclusions of the research help coaches, athletes, and counselors of colleges understand the psychological skills of outstanding athletes and thus improve the performances.