Publication:

家長知覺身體活動影響因素對青少年休閒性身體活動的影響─以台中縣立新社高中國二學生為例

本研究旨在應用健康促進模式 (Pender, 1996) ，探討家長知覺 (Parents’ Perceived Influence of Physical Activity; P-PIPA) 與青少年知覺 (Adolescents’ Perceived Influence of Physical Activity; A-PIPA) ，對青少年休閒性身體活動(Adolescents’ Recreational Physical Activity; A-RPA) 的影響。依立意方式，就台中縣立新社高中之國二學生及其家長進行普查，計學生 150 人，家長 150 人，除八份家長問卷外，其餘問卷全數收回。採 Wu (1999) 依據 Pender 之健康促進模式，修改的 “身體活動影響因素中文量表” 施測，以皮爾森相關、 t 考驗、線性迴歸進行假設考驗。研究結果有三，相關性方面，A-PIPA 與A-RPA成顯著相關 (r＝.39, p < .01) ，雖P-PIPA與A-RPA無直接相關性，但可透過A-PIPA，與A-RPA產生間接相關。差異性部分，不同P-PIPA的家長，其子女A-RPA無差異，但不同P-PIPA的家長，會透過A-PIPA對A-RPA產生間接影響。最後，建立三個線性迴歸模型，其一，青少年自我效能 (Perceived Self-Efficacy; PSE) 及不同校朋友的社會支持 (Social Support for Physical Activity; SSPA) ，能有效解釋A-RPA的變異量，其二，家長PSE、青少年知覺阻礙及同班同學的SSPA，也能有效解釋青少年PSE的變異量，其三，A-PIPA中，兄弟姊妹、同校同學的SSPA、朋友的知覺典範、不同校朋友的角色楷模，以及P-PIPA中，同校同學與不同校朋友的SSPA，能有效預測不同校朋友對青少年的SSPA。研究建議擴大樣本對都會地區家長進行研究，以瞭解高社經地位家長對A-RPA的影響，俾利政策制訂上的全面考量。

The purposes of the study is to explore the relationships between P-PIPA, A-PIPA, and A-RPA. Results can be used as a reference for planning related recreational activities, designing teaching plans, and making applicable policies by school. This study adopts self-administrated questionnaire survey research and census method. 300 questionnaires were distributed to 150 eighth-graders in Shinshe Senior High School and their parents respectively, 292 copies were returned (97%). Instrument was based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model, which developed by Wu (1999) to measure variables. Data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation, t test, and regression. Finding indicates: various significant relationships are existed between P-PIPA, A-PIPA, and A-RPA. Recommendation are schools should implant recreational activities, teaching plans into classroom curriculums in order to promote students recreational physical activities and their health.