吳昇光Wu, Sheng-Guang2017-02-272025-07-302017-02-272017-02-27https://ir.ntus.edu.tw/handle/987654321/71359學位類別：碩士校院名稱：國立臺灣體育運動大學系所名稱：競技運動學系碩士班學號：10004015畢業學年度：102年論文頁數：56頁　　目的：本研究於於一年追蹤分析優秀游泳選手之心肺功能，並比較選手在不同時期心肺功能之變化。方法：本研究共徵招32位16~22歲之國內優秀游泳選手，其中男女選手各16人，並根據比賽距離分為短距離與長距離組分別有15與17人。使用肺功能機 (Master Screen Pneumo; CareFusion, Hochberg, Germany) 、血壓機 (Nonin 2120; Plymouth, MN, USA) 與20公尺折返跑來檢測受試者之心肺功能，並於一年中三個不同時期(訓練期、比賽期、調整期)進行檢測，所收集的資料包括選手的基本資料(姓名、年齡、身高、體重、體脂肪率)及選手在心肺功能測驗時所測得之安靜時心跳率與血壓(收縮壓與舒張壓)、肺功能(潮氣容積、肺活量、第一秒用力吐氣量、最大自主換氣量)與預測之最大攝氧量等。所檢測的數據以三因子重複量數變異數分析探討男女性別、不同時期與不同競賽距離在心肺功能之差異。結果：本篇結果顯示(1)在心血管參數的部分，短距離選手的安靜收縮壓在比賽期顯著大於長距離選手(p<.05)。比較不同時期則發現，比賽期的安靜舒張壓與平均動脈壓也顯著高於訓練期(p<.05)；(2)不同距離與不同時期間之肺功能皆無顯著差異，僅發現女性游泳選手的第一秒用力吐氣量與最大自主換氣量顯著低於男性(p<.05)；(3)女性游泳選手的最大攝氧量在所有時期皆低於男性選手 (p<.05)。而短距離選手的最大攝氧量則在比賽期與調整期顯著低於長距離選手(p<.05)。此外，比較不同時期則發現僅有女性選手在訓練期的最大攝氧量有顯著低於比賽期的現象(p<.05)。結論：本篇研究似乎顯示心肺功能中的性別差異，但不同比賽距離選手間的差異顯得較小，而不同時期間則以心血管參數的變化較為顯著，但是安靜時之肺功能參數似乎較無法作為不同時期之參考指標。　　Purpose: To investigate the cardiopulmonary changes of elite swimmers in one year follow-up which includes three different training periods: preparatory phase (PP), competitive phase (CP) and transition phase (TP). Methods: Total 32 elite swimmers (16 males and 16 females; 15 short distance (SD) swimmers and 17 long distance (LD) swimmers) were recruited, and their cardiopulmonary functions were assessed by using the lung spirometry (Master Screen Pneumo; CareFusion, Hochberg, Germany), blood pressure instrument (Nonin 2120; Plymouth, MN, USA), and 20-meter shuttle run test. Basic data and cardiopulmonary information including resting heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), tidal volume (VT), force vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), maximal ventilation volume (MVV), and predicted maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) were analyzed by three-way repeated-measure ANOVA to differentiate the aforementioned data in genders, competitive distances, and training stages. Results: The results showed that (a) Resting SBP of SD swimmers was significantly higher than LD swimmers (p<.05), and both resting DBP and MAP in CP were higher than in PP (p<.05); (b) There was no difference of lung function in different competitive distances and training phases, but female swimmers had lower FEV1 and MVV (p<.05) than male swimmers; (c) The VO2max of female swimmers was obvious lower than male swimmers in all training phases (p<.05). The VO2max of SD swimmers was lower than LD swimmers in CP and TP (p<.05). Moreover, only the female swimmers had lower VO2max in PP than in CP (p<.05). Conclusion: This study showed the gender difference in cardiopulmonary functions of elite swimmers; on the other side, there was small dissimilarity between SD and LD swimmers. The cardiovascular changes among three training phases were more distinct; however, it seems that the pulmonary functions at rest stayed more stable in the one year training cycle.目　次 第壹章　緒論 　第一節　研究背景…………………………………………………1 　第二節　研究目的…………………………………………………4 　第三節　研究限制與範圍………………………………………4 　第四節　重要名詞解釋……………………………………………5 第貳章　文獻探討 　第一節　游泳選手生理之特性…………………………………8 　第二節　肺功能相關探討…………………………………………10 　第三節　心肺功能的定義…………………………………………13 　第四節　運動訓練的週期劃分…………………………………13 　第五節　總結…………………………………………………………17 第参章　研究方法 　第一節　研究對象……………………………………………………18 　第二節　研究架構……………………………………………………19 　第三節　實驗流程與步驟…………………………………………20 　第四節　測驗時間……………………………………………………28 　第五節　資料處理……………………………………………………28 第肆章　研究結果 　第一節　基本資料差異……………………………………………29 　第二節　心血管功能差異…………………………………………31 　第三節　肺功能差異…………………………………………………33 　第四節　最大攝氧量差異…………………………………………35 第伍章　討論………………………………………………………………36 第陸章　結論與建議 　第一節　結論……………………………………………………………47 　第二節　建議……………………………………………………………48 參考文獻………………………………………………………………………491364107 bytesapplication/pdf游泳;肺功能;心血管功能Swimming;Lung function;Cardiovascular abilitythesis