洪暐Hung, Wei2017-02-272025-07-302017-02-272017-02-27https://ir.ntus.edu.tw/handle/987654321/71035學位類別：碩士校院名稱：國立台灣體育大學系所名稱：運動健康科學系碩士班學號：19706005畢業學年度：99年論文頁數：142頁　　舉重等高負重的運動族群，假若運動訓練量與休息時間調配不當，可能增加其骨折傷害發生的風險。近年亦發現體重分級制的運動員，短期體重的快速下降，對於骨骼代謝有不利的影響，其中Leptin隨體脂肪的濃度變化可能為重要調控骨骼代謝的關鍵之一。而舉重等阻力運動類型於長時間訓練中訓練量的變化，與Leptin對骨骼代謝的影響目前研究仍為少數，因此於本研究目的探討訓練週期中負重訓練量的變化對骨骼代謝、Leptin之影響，與負重訓練和Leptin是否具有共同影響骨調控蛋白的交互作用，或藉由其他骨調控賀爾蒙PTH、Testosterone與Cortisol來介入調控骨代謝。自舉重代表隊，招募11位受測者。於訓練週期內依教練指定之例行訓練項目以及賽季前訓練計畫。分別在訓練期開始第1天、第15天比賽期、第35天比賽前期與第55天恢復期四個時間點，採集血液樣本分析骨調控蛋白OPG與sRANKL，骨合成指標B-ALP、Osteocalcin，骨骼分解指標β-crosslaps，脂泌細胞激素Leptin，骨調控荷爾蒙PTH、Testosterone與Cortisol。並測量身體組成、最大攝氧量，記錄每週訓練總重量觀測訓練負荷強度。結果顯示，訓練週期中訓練量持續顯著下降至比賽期，於恢復期維持低水平但訓練強度上升。體重、脂肪重皆無顯著變化，除脂體重比賽期和恢復期顯著增加。Leptin濃度比賽期呈小幅上升趨勢。PTH持續小幅上升至恢復期達顯著。Testosterone和Cortisol持續下降至比賽期達顯著，於恢復期呈回升趨勢。OPG至恢復期呈現上升現象；sRANKL於訓練週期皆無明顯改變。B-ALP比賽前期小幅增加，其後無明顯變化。Osteocalcin與Beta-crosslaps於訓練期至比賽期皆顯著下降，至恢復期緩慢上升。比較Leptin與骨調控蛋白相關結果，Leptin （Δ23）與OPG （Δ34）有顯著正相關；Leptin （Δ23）與sRANKL （Δ34）也有顯著正相關。而Leptin與骨代謝指標間相關，Leptin （Δ23）與Osteocalcin （Δ23）顯著負相關；Leptin （Δ23）與B-ALP （Δ34）顯著正相關。而Leptin （Δ23）與Beta-crosslaps （Δ23）顯著負相關。本研究主要發現在訓練初期運動量由高強度遞減時，骨調控賀爾蒙與骨調控蛋白隨之下降，使整體骨週轉率下降。此時Leptin濃度的上升則產生骨保護作用，經一段反應時間後促進前驅造骨細胞的生長與分化，使骨合成指標於訓練後期上升。而訓練後期運動強度的增加，帶來的機械應力使既有造骨細胞與破骨細胞重新活化並與訓練初期Leptin促進骨合成作用的延遲現象，共同影響骨代謝，提升骨週轉率，重新由機械應力性刺激主導骨骼代謝的調控。　　Weightlift is a high weight-bearing exercise and had through to be benefit for bone health. However, if the train program and rest time did not deploy properly, may increase the risk of fracture injury. Besides, numerous studies have shown weight loss quickly may have negative effect of bone metabolism in weight class athlete, which hormone homeostasis such as leptin level also altered while body composition changes. Recent evidence suggests that leptin may play a role in bone metabolism. The effects of leptin and weight-bearing type during exercise training changes on bone metabolism remained uncertain. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate bone metabolic changes and effect of leptin during training session on weightlifters, or by other bone regulatory hormones mediate the effect of physical activity on bone . Eleven male weightlifters aged 22-23 years old were recruited from top ranked College weightlifter team in Taiwan. During the training session, all subjects were asked to follow the training program previously designed by coach. Fasting blood sample were collected in early morning at the day 1, 15, 35 and 55 of the training session. Bone cytokine OPG and RANKL, and bone specific biochemical markers including Osteocalcin, B-ALP, beta-crosslaps, and bone regulatory hormones Leptin, PTH, Testosterone, and Cortisol were analyzed to evaluated bone metabolic status. Weekly training volume and anthropometric parameter were recorded by questionnaires. Training volume kept reducing since beginning of this study according to pre-design training program. Body weight and fat mass were not significantly changed. Free fat mass on day 35 and 55 significant increased. Leptin level were slightly increased on day 35. PTH level were increased significantly on day 55. Testosterone and Cortisol level were decreased on day 35 and returned to basal level since day 55. OPG level were slightly increased on day 55. sRANKL were not significantly changed. B-ALP level were slightly increased on day 15. Osteoclacin and beta-crosslaps level were decreased significantly on day 35 and returned to basal level since day 55. Correlations between Leptin and bone parameters, Leptin （Δ23） was positively associated with OPG （Δ34） and sRANKL （Δ34）. Leptin （Δ23） was negatively associated with Osteocalcin （Δ23） and Beta-crosslaps （Δ23）, and Leptin （Δ23） was positively associated with B-ALP （Δ34）. Results of present study indicated that bone mineralization and bone resorption were correlated to training volume while bone formation was not. Leptin concentrations increased was produced bone protective effect in early training session, to promote osteoblast precursors growth and differentiation indicated of bone formation increased in the late training session. And exercise intensity increased at the late training session, brought mechanical loading caused both osteoblast and osteoclast reactivation with Leptin delay effect of early training session combined effect of bone metabolism. Exercise product mechanical loading return regulation of bone metabolism.目　次 第壹章　緒論……………………………………………………………1 　第一節　研究背景……………………………………………………1 　第二節　研究目的……………………………………………………2 　第三節　研究假設……………………………………………………2 　第四節　研究範圍……………………………………………………3 第貳章　文獻探討………………………………………………………4 　第一節　身體骨骼代謝作用機制……………………………………4 　第二節　負重類型運動特性對骨骼之影響…………………………10 　第三節　體脂肪與骨骼代謝…………………………………………15 第参章　研究方法與步驟………………………………………………23 　第一節　實驗對象……………………………………………………23 　第二節　實驗設計……………………………………………………23 　第三節　實驗流程……………………………………………………24 　第四節　資料收集……………………………………………………25 　第五節　血液樣本採集………………………………………………26 　第六節　血液分析方法………………………………………………27 　第七節　資料處理與統計分析………………………………………34 第肆章　結果……………………………………………………………36 　第一節　受測者基本資料……………………………………………36 　第二節　瘦體素與骨調控荷爾蒙之結果……………………………44 　第三節　骨調控蛋白之結果…………………………………………50 　第四節　骨代謝指標之結果…………………………………………54 　第五節　瘦體素、骨調控荷爾蒙和骨調控蛋白、骨代謝 　　　　　指標間相關性………………………………………………58 第伍章　討論……………………………………………………………64 　第一節　運動訓練對骨骼代謝之影響………………………………65 　第二節　瘦體素對骨骼代謝之影響…………………………………71 　第三節　運動訓練和瘦體素對骨骼代謝的交互作用………………74664081 bytesapplication/pdf負重運動;瘦體素;骨骼代謝Weight-bearing exercise;Leptin;Bone metabolismthesis