Publication:

水面蹼泳之運動學分析

蹼泳是一種歸屬於「時尚運動」類的新興水中競速比賽，也是潛水運動中的一項獨特的競技運動項目，素有水中「美人魚」之稱。蹼泳與正常的游泳動作相比，蹼泳運動更強調蹼的使用以及身體軀幹大量屈曲與伸展來帶動下肢關節的高速衝刺。此外，由於特殊的運動行為模式，蹼泳運動亦容易造成特定的運動傷害，如下背部肌肉傷害以及坐骨神經的損傷。藉由分析蹼泳運動中關節活動方式，有助於了解蹼泳運動的技巧，避免運動傷害的發生及提供運動訓練時的參考。因此，本研究目的為分析蹼泳運動選手在進行水面蹼泳時，各關節的運動模式。受試者為3男4女受過蹼泳訓練達全國分齡比賽之選手，利用兩部攝影機分別置於水上水中進行拍攝後分析關節角度與角速度。研究結果顯示蹼泳運動模式下肢段關節的擺盪幅度與角速度遠大於上軀段與上肢段關節，為主要運動關節，使用的肌群亦為下軀段及其以下肢肌群所構成的主要推進力，故成績並非唯一由運動選手心肺適能來決定，而是能確定此運動真正操作的關節肢段肌耐力可能也是相當重要影響因子。此外，整個蹼泳運動中下肢關節運動遠較上肢及軀幹大，是主要的動力源，研究結果中關節角度及角速度範圍，可作為蹼泳選手未來以等速肌力訓練儀訓練時的參考。

Fin swimming, a water-racing competition of fashion is an unique event of diving sport, and so-called the underwater mermaid as well. Compare fin swimming with other general swimming motion, fin swimming focus more on the application of fin and the high-speed sprint by the joints of the lower limbs whose motive power comes from the frequent flexion and stretch of trunk. Moreover, due to this unique motion, fin swimming results in specific sport injury inevitably as well, such as the injury to the lower trunk muscle and the sciatic nerve injury. By analyzing the movement mode of joints in fin swimming, we can find out the skills for fin swimming, how to prevent sport injuries and the reference about sport training. Therefore, the aim of the study is to analyze the movement pattern of each joint of the swimmers who are exercising surface fin swimming. Three male swimmers and four female swimmers who are trained to fin swim and qualified as the national competitions by age groups, were taken for the recording. In a swimming pool two cameras were placed on each side of the pool to complete the video recording process. The result of the study was shown that the lower limbs joints, the primary movement joints, amplitude and angular velocity were larger than the upper trunk and the upper limbs joints for the movement pattern of fin swimming, and the primary impelling energy was composed of the working muscles for the lower trunk and the lower limbs. So the grades were really not the only decision by the cardiopulmonary fitness of athletes, but it was sure that the muscular endurance of the lower limbs for fin swimming may be so important influence factor. In addition, the oscillation of the lower limbs was larger than the upper limbs and the upper trunk in fin swimming. It implied the lower limbs were the primary of driving force source. The range of joint angle and angular velocity by this result of the study could be used as training references by isokinetic muscle strength training equipment for fin swimmers in the future.