Publication:

台灣女子舉重選手身體型態特徵之研究

選材是競技運動基礎，訓練是方法，而比賽的獲勝是其目的。選材其中一個方法即是身體型態的測量。本研究希望透過身體型態測量的方法來評估台灣女子舉重選手在體型上的特徵，主要希望建立台灣優秀女子舉重選手型態學上的參照資料，並且找出較符合生物力學原則的舉重身體型態特徵。本研究測量了三組不同年齡層全國性比賽七個量級前三名的女子舉重選手，共六十三位選手，並且在比賽後測量二十九參數與指數來評估選手的尺寸與比例問題。

結果與發現:

一、優秀的舉重選手其上臂與大腿相對於上下肢段的比例較小。上臂/上肢比例較小意味著選手在上博時能平穩地固定槓鈴於肩膀上，而大腿/下肢比例較小則意味著選手在提鈴過程較能克服起立時的阻力。

二、優秀選手的軀幹與四肢的肌肉發達。大專組選手與高量級的選手都有軀幹與四肢圍度較大的趨勢，這意味著肌肉截面積越大，越能產生較大的肌肉力量來舉起較重的槓鈴，且越接近軀幹中心的肌肉越顯得肥大。

三、國中組選手的手長參數、手指指數與手寬指數則明顯比兩高年齡層的選手來得大。這意味著國中組選手擁有較佳的握力來控制槓鈴。

Material selection is the foundation stone of sports, and the game winning is the final goal by training. The Measurement of anthropometrics is one of methods to select material. The purpose of this study was to investigate the features of body shapes and sizes of female weightlifters in Taiwan by the measurements of anthropometrics. The main purpose was to build the anthropometric database of ultimate female weightlifters in Taiwan and identify the features of their bodies that obey biomechanical principles. To measure the body shapes and sizes of sixty-three women’s weightlifters from three age groups, we measured twenty-nine parameters after the competition and normalized raw data by dividing subject’s stature.

The results and discoveries showed as follows:

1.The elite weightlifter showed the small length ratio of upper arm/upper extremity and thigh/lower extremity. A small ratio of upper arm/upper extremity meant that weightlifters could steady fix the barbell on their shoulders. A small length ratio of thigh/lower extremity meant that weightlifters could easily overcome the resistance of barbell during the first pull phase.

2.The elite weightlifters owned hypertrophic muscle groups of trunks and limbs. The college group and higher levels of weightlifters presented the tendencies of developing larger circumferences of whole body. It meant that weightlifters whose large cross-section of muscle could produce higher strength to pull heavy loadings. It became more significant on the muscle groups near center of trunk.

3.The junior group showed longer hand, lager index of finger length and palm width than that of the other two groups. It meant that junior group presented the better strength of grasp to control barbell.