研究顯示補充精胺酸（arginine，Arg）可能可以增加一氧化氮（nitric oxide，NO）合成，進而減少運動後血乳酸及氨堆積，提升運動表現。本研究探討運動選手短期口服補充精胺酸，對NO合成、血乳酸及氨代謝與運動表現的影響。本研究採隨機交叉設計，以12位大學柔道男選手為對象，精胺酸組每日口服精胺酸6 g，控制組口服安慰劑，為期3天，進行反覆高強度無氧運動測試（負荷0.05 kp/kg BW，20秒全力衝刺，15秒休息，共13組），採集補充前後、運動中及運動後0、3、6、10、30、60分鐘血液，檢測血液中NO、乳酸、氨、各種胺基酸與瓜胺酸濃度，以photoplethysmography測量內皮依賴性血管擴張（Endothelium-dependent vasodilation，EDVD）反應。精胺酸組運動前及運動後血漿Arg濃度較安慰劑組顯著增加，但各時間點NO、瓜胺酸、乳酸及氨濃度兩組間無顯著差異，補充精胺酸對EDVD亦無顯著影響，兩組間運動測試各階段之最大功率、平均功率與power drop，均無差異。本研究顯示，運動員短期補充精胺酸並未增加NO合成作用，連帶對EDVD、運動表現及減少運動疲勞，亦無顯著影響。

　　It has been shown that supplementation of arginine (Arg) may help to enhance nitric oxide (NO) production. This may help to reduce exercise-induced blood lactate and ammonia accumulation and to improve exercise performance. The purposes of this research are to investigate the effects of short-term oral supplementation of arginine on NO production, lacate and ammonia metabolism, and exercise performance in athletes. Twelve elite male college judo athletes were randomly assigned to Arg group (6 g/d for 3 d) or control group (placebo) in a crossover design. The subjects underwent repeated high intensity anaerobic test (0.05 kp/kg BW, 20 sec all-out, 15 sec rest, total 13 sets). The blood samples were collected before and after supplementation, during excercise, and 0, 3, 6, 10, 30, and 60 min after the exercise test. Plasma concentrations of NO, lactate, ammonia, amino acids, and citrulline (Cit) were measured. The endothelium-dependent vasodilations (EDVD) were assessed with a photoplethysmography. The results showed that plasma Arg concentration in Arg group was significantly higher than the control group before and after the exercise test. No significant difference was found between the groups in plasma concentrations of NO, Cit, lactate, and ammonia. No significant difference was found between the groups in EDVD. There was no significant difference in peak power, average power, and power drop between the groups. This study suggested that short-term oral supplementation of arginine in athletes could not increase NO production, therefore, EDVD, exercise performance, and lactate and ammonia metabolism during exercise were not changed.