Publication:

動靜態啟動方式對撐竿跳高助跑速度與起跳點變化之研究

本研究目的在探討動態啟動與靜態啟動持竿助跑方式對於撐高跳高助跑速度、助跑步態與起跳點位置的影響。以九位撐竿跳高成績在4.20公尺以上的男子選手為研究對象，其中有五位採用動態啟動另外四位為靜態啟動。利用三部數位攝影機、分段計時器與測速槍，收集參與者在助跑過程中助跑開始前三步與最後六步至起跳的動作。藉由動作分析系統獲得助跑的相關運動學參數，以獨立樣本t考驗比較兩種啟動方式之差異。研究結果發現助跑開始第一步與第二步步幅達顯著差異(p<.05)。而助跑開始第一步的步頻達顯著差異(p<.05)。在助跑最後六步步幅以最後第五步與第一步步幅達顯著差異(p<.05)。降竿角度在助跑最後第六、第五、第四與第三步達到顯著差異(p<.05)。而持竿助跑速度在助跑最後16- 11公尺與11-6公尺的助跑速度達顯著差異(p<.05)。但動態啟動與靜態啟動助跑起跳點位置皆無顯著差異。研究結論；動態啟動助跑對於提高助跑最後16-6公尺水平速度有顯著差異，起跳點無差異；對於青少年選手來說，使用動態啟動助跑方式更容易做到在助跑最後2至3步內保持很好的加速意識，從而提升撐竿跳高成績。

This research aims to delve into the influence of dynamic and static start - up for pole - holding run-up approaches on Run -up velocity, gait and position of take off point in the polevault. In this study, research subjects are 9 male pole vaulters in the 2012 University and College Games and the 2012 National High School Athletic Games with their competition heights over 4.20m. The 9 subjects were divided into dynamic start-up group consisting of 5 vaulters and static start-up group consisting of 4 vaulters. Digital camera, sub-timer and velocity speed gun were used in this research to study the participants’ changes in gait of the first three steps in the run-up and changes in the last six steps to the position of take-off point. By Kwon 3D motion analysis software, we obtained the kinematics parameters. The contents obtained for analysis of this study focus on differences in stride length and frequency for the first step to the third step at the start of the run-up and for the last six steps at the end of the run-up as well as differences in the pole-lowering angle, run-up velocity and position at touchdown and take-off for the last six step. Research findings indicate that stride length for the first and second step at the start of the run-up has shown significant differences (p<.05). Stride frequency for the first step in the run-up has shown significant differences (p<.05). Stride length for the fifth and first step of the last six steps in the run-up has shown significant differences (p<.05).Pole-lowering angles for the last sixth, fifth, fourth and third step in the run-up have indicated significant differences (p<.05). Pole-holding velocity at 16~11m and 11–6m in the run-up has shown significant differences (p<.05). Both dynamic and static start-up approaches for take-off position in the run-up have indicated no significant difference. The conclusion of analyses indicates that different start-up approaches for stability of gait of the first three steps at the start of the run-up will affect the maximum controllable speed for the first 16-11m velocity and 11- 6m in the take-off; the faster the vaulters, the smaller the error values, and on the contrary, insufficient velocity will indirectly affect accurate box-hitting motion for the pole and take-off point.