Publication:

補充精胺酸與支鏈胺基酸對運動表現的影響(II)-分子機轉

此三年期研究探討補充精胺酸與支鏈胺基酸對運動表現的影響，以及可能的機轉。精胺酸可能可以提升內皮細胞依賴性之血管擴張，促進葡萄糖吸收，以及透過產生 NO，進而刺激粒線體合成。支鏈胺基酸可能可以減少運動造成的肌肉損傷，促進葡萄糖吸收，降低中樞疲勞，兩者合併使用，可能可以產生加成性的效果，進而提升運動表現。本研究第一與第二年均以訓練有素的運動員為研究對象，以獲得最具實用價值之成果。第一年以15名男子手球選手為對象，採用交叉實驗設計，探討補充精胺酸與支鏈胺基酸對連續二天模擬手球比賽表現的影響，於運動前補充 0.17 g/kg BCAA 與 0.04 g/kg arginine (AA trial)，或安慰劑 (placebo trial)。結果顯

示，AA trial 在第二天的下半場，20 公尺衝刺跑的速度顯著增加，而 placebo trial 則無顯著改變，顯示補充精胺酸與支鏈胺基酸可能可以在連續二天的間歇性球類運動時，提升第二天的運動表現。第二年以 10 名男子角力選手為對象，採用交叉實驗設計，探討補充精胺酸與支鏈胺基酸對一天中連續三場模擬角力比賽表現的影響，於運動前補充 0.17 g/kg BCAA 與 0.04 g/kg arginine (AA trial)，或安慰劑 (placebo trial)。結果顯示，兩個 trial 之間，三場模擬比賽的總做功，以及總做功減少率，均無顯著差異，而運動後與恢復期間血漿葡萄糖、

胰島素濃度，以及醣類與脂肪代謝指標等，亦無顯著差異，顯示顯示補充精胺酸與支鏈胺基酸對間歇性高強度之技擊性運動表現並無顯著影響。第三年以成熟分化之肌小管細胞 C2C12 為模式，探討精胺酸的產物 NO 對粒線體合成的影響，並探討合併低氧處理，是否可產生加成性的效果。結果顯示，NO 確實可以透過活化粒線體合成的調控途徑，包括 PGC-1a、NRF-1、mtTFA，進而刺激粒線體合成，但與低氧處理並無加成性的效果。整體而言，本計畫成功建立了連續兩天球類運動、以及連續場次技擊性運動的運動表現分析流程，這在過去的文獻上均未出現，但卻是與實際運動情況相當接近，可做為往後研究的方法。而本研究也顯示顯示補充精胺酸與支鏈胺基酸可能可以提升連續二天的間歇性球類運動之表現，對運動員具有實際應用之效果。第三年細胞實驗的結果也顯示，透過補充精胺酸，增加 NO 合成，可能可以刺激粒線體合成，進而提升耐力運動表現，此現象需要進一步於運動員身上探討。由於新穎的研究設計，本研究也相當具有學術價值，成果已陸續發表中。

This 3-year study investigated the effect of arginine and BCAA on exercise performance and the potential mechanisms. The combination of arginine and BCAA may have additive effects on exercise performance. The first and second year of this study use well-trained athletes as subjects. The first year investigated male handball players with a cross-over design. The results indicated that AA trial was significantly faster in 20-m sprints in the second half of the second day. The speed remained unchanged in placebo trial. It indicated that arginine and BCAA could enhance exercise performance on the second day of consecutive days of handball competitions. The second year investigated wrestlers with cross-over design. Each trial contained 3 consecutive matches on the same day. The results showed that total power, power decrements, plasma concentrations of glucose and insulin, oxidation rates of carbohydrate and fat were all similar between the trials. Therefore, arginine and BCAA may not have effect on performance in combat sports. The third year investigated the effect of

nitric oxide and hypoxia on mitochondria biogenesis in C2C12 myotubes. The results showed that NO could increase mitochondria biogenesis by stimulating PGC1a、NRF-1、mtTFA. However, the combination of hypoxia

did not produce additive effect. In conclusion, this project established the protocol of 2 consecutive days of ball games, and consecutive matches on the same day in combat sports. These are all novel protocols that can be used in future studies. This study also showed that argninine and BCAA could increase exercise performance in consecutive days of ball games. It can be practically applied to athletes. Year 3 also showed that arginine could stimulate mitochondria biogenesis by increasing nitric oxide production. This result need to be verified in athletes. Part of the results has been published, others are submitting.