Publication:

運動樂趣量表編製之研究

本研究旨在介紹運動樂趣量表的架構與運動樂趣量表的發展過程，並編製運動樂趣量表，提供未來研究的方向。本量表包含活動本身、社交與生活機會、讚賞及獎勵、能力知覺等4個因素，共16題，以臺中市公立國民小學900名學生為樣本（男性471名，女性429名；五年級436名，六年級464名）。量表經項目分析、探索式因素分析及驗證式因素分析，研究結果如下：

1.16題偏態絕對值介於.14至1.45，峰度絕對值介於.08至1.50，所有題目符合常態分配標準。

2.在整體適配度指標方面，在絕對適配指標、相對適配指標及簡效適配指標，皆通過所要求的接受值，表示本模式是一個有效度的模式。

3.在組成信度的檢定方面，運動樂趣量表之組成信度與平均抽取變異量，4個因素的組成信度值介於0.81 到0.92之間，全都大於接受值0.6，表示4個因素的信度良好。

4.16題的標準化係數值介於0.58 到0.89，其標準值需達.70以上，除c1、d1稍低於.70外，其餘係數值皆滿足.70的標準且皆達到顯著水準，所以此一量表具有相當好的聚合效度。

5.將4個因素，兩兩測試共6組之χ²值均超過3.84，顯示運動樂趣之四個因素間有良好的區別效度。

6.背景變項探討，在性別方面，男性比女性有較高的運動樂趣；在年級方面，五年級和六年級學童的運動樂趣無顯著差異。

以上結果顯示量表具有良好的信效度，本研究量表可以提供未來相關研究之參考與運用。

This study aims to introduce the framework of physical activity enjoyment scale and the development process of physical activity enjoyment scale, and then compile a physical activity enjoyment scale for future research. The scale contains four factors including the activity itself, social and life opportunities, praise and reward, perceived competence. A total of 16 questions are managed to acquire information from 900 elementary school students in Taichung City (471 males, 429 females; 436 fifth grade, 464 sixth grade). The scale is verified by item analysis, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The results are as follows:

1.16 questions ranged from .14 to skew the absolute value of 1.45, kurtosis ranged from .08 to 1.50, all subjects conform to the standard normal distribution.

2.In overall model fit, absolute fit measures, comparative fit measures, and parsimonious fit measures, are accepted by the required value, indicating the validity of the model.

3.In testing the composition of scale reliability, the reliability and average variance extracted of physical activity enjoyment scale, four factors of composited reliability ranging from .81 to 0.92, all value are grater than accepted value 0.6, representing good reliability.

4.16 questions of the standardized coefficients are between 0.58 and 0.89, and the standard value must be up to .70 or above required. In addition to c1, d1 which are slightly lower than .70, the other coefficients meet the .70 standard, and both reach significant levels, indicating that the scale has very good convergent validity.

5.The pairwise tests of four factors of 6 group χ ² value are more than 3.84, showing the four factors of the enjoyment of exercise command good discriminant validity.

6.With regard to background variables, in terms of gender, males have higher preference for enjoyment of exercise than females; in terms of grade, the fifth and sixth grade students of sport show no significant difference.

These results indicate that the scale has good reliability and validity; the research questionnaire can provide a reference for future research and application.