Publication:

增強式訓練介入對女子體操選手實施垂直分腿跳之影響

本研究的主要目的是探討增強式訓練介入對女子體操選手實施垂直分腿跳能力之影響。本研究係以12位女子體操選手為實驗對象，（平均年齡14.2±2.3歲，身高148.4±5.6公分，體重35.8±3.5公斤）。每週二次、每次三十分鐘共為期六週的增強式訓練，並每二週共四次以KISTLER測力板（1200HZ）進行垂直分腿跳能力的測量，測驗內容包括直立蹲踞跳（counter movement jump，CMJ）垂直蹲踞跳（squat jump，SJ）、深跳（drop jump，DJ）。收集後的運動學參數經重複量數單因子變異數分析與杜凱法進行統計分析，統計的顯著水準定為α＝.05。研究結果顯示一、直立蹲踞跳（CMJ）部分的騰空高度、最大爆發力、最大蹬地速度、平均爆發力方面均有明顯改變(p<.05)，尤其是騰空高度由前測的46.38±2.78 cm進步到50.04±2.84cm；二、在垂直蹲跳（SJ）部分的騰空高度、最大爆發力、最大蹬地力量、最大蹬地速度、平均爆發力方面均有明顯改變（p<.05），尤其是騰空高度由前測的38.23±3.20cm進步到43.46±4.03 cm；三、在深跳（DJ）部分的騰空高度及伸展縮短循環時間均有明顯改變（p<.05），騰空高度從33.33±1.97cm進步到36.49± 2.69cm；四、在不同年齡組的研究結果顯示，增強式訓練對於不同年齡的選手訓練成果均有明顯改善，本實驗14至16歲選手在實施直立蹲踞跳(CMJ)的騰空高度由前測的44.77± 2.74cm進步到48.18±2.29cm；垂直蹲跳（SJ）由前測的38.42±3.57cm進步到41.72±4.33cm；深跳(DJ)的騰空高度由前測的33.20±2.11cm進步到35.27±1.75cm。12至14歲選手在實施直立蹲踞跳(CMJ)的騰空高度由前測48.00±1.80 cm進步到51.90±2.04 cm；垂直蹲跳（SJ）的騰空高度由前測的38.05±3.12cm進步為45.20±3.12cm；深跳(DJ)的騰空高度由前測33.45±2.20 cm進步為37.72±2.21 cm。因此增強式訓練對於12至16歲的女子體操選手均有其訓練效果。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of plyometric training on vertical jump to straddle performance in female gymnastic players. Twelve female gymnastic players (Age:14.2±2.3years; High:148.4±5.6cm; Weight:35.8±3.5kg) were intervened the plyometric training for six weeks(30 minutes, twice a week), tested by the KISTLER(1200 HZ) force platform to measure their jumping to straddle performance. It consisted counter movement jump (CMJ),squat jump (SJ) and drop jump(DJ). After treatment, the vertical ground reaction force and related parameters was analyzed by repeated measures one-way ANOVA. The results of this study revealed that: (1)After training, There were significant difference on CMJ jumping performance parameter in HF、Pmax、Vmax、Pavg (p<.05), especially the HF advance from 46.38±2.78cm to 50.04±2.84cm. (2) After training, There were significant difference of the SJ jumping performance parameter were HF、Pmax、Fmax、Vmax、Pavg (p<.05), especially the HF advance from 38.23±3.20cm to 43.46±4.03cm. (3) After training, the significant difference of the DJ jumping performance parameter were HF、SSC (p<.05), especially the HF advance from 33.33±1.97 cm to 36.49±2.69cm. (4) After training, the results revealed that the plyometric training on 12-16 year-old female gymnastic players made the effect improved obviously, either on CMJ、SJ and DJ. It is a safe and efficient training.