本研究主要目的是以運動情境中的社會體型焦慮檢驗Leary和Kowalski(1995)的社會焦慮的概念，並以Maddux等人(1988)自我呈現效能的概念，探討社會體型焦慮和健身運動參與之間的關係。由於過去有關社會體型焦慮和運動依附的研究發現並不一致，社會體型焦慮和運動依附的相關研究似乎無法將這兩個因子作一個有系統的連結，本研究假設個體在運動情境中的社會體型焦慮會受到自我呈現印象動機和自我呈現效能的交互影響，以及自我呈現效能會調節社會體型焦慮和健身運動參與的關係。研究參與者共314位女性、平均年齡36歲。以迴歸分析進行資料分析和檢驗，初步分析沒有支持假設。進一步以年齡作分層檢驗，結果發現在中年女性方面社會體型焦慮會受到自我呈現印象動機和自我呈現效能的交互影響，在年輕女性方面則沒有顯著的交互作用存在；另外也發現中年女性的自我呈現效能能調節社會體型焦慮和健身運動參與間的關係，而年輕女性亦無發現顯著的交互作用存在。研究結果顯示當以社會體型焦慮檢驗社會焦慮公式時僅適用於中年女性身上，且只有中年女性的自重現效能能調節社會體型焦慮和健身運動參與間的關係。

　　The question of how social physique anxiety influence exercise participation was inconclusive in the literature. In this study, based on the theories of social anxiety (Leary & Kowalski, 1995) and self-presentational efficacy (Maddux, Norton, & Leary, 1988), we proposed that both impression motivation and self-presentational efficacy were important factors in examing this relationship. It was hypothesized that social physique anxiety was influenced by the interaction of impression motivation and self-presentational efficacy. In addition, self-presentational efficacy would moderate the relationship between social physique anxiety and exercise participation. Three hundred and fourteen female (mean age=36.12) of gym members participating in this study. Results showed that the interaction of impression motivation and self-presentational efficacy accounted for significant variances of social physique anxiety for middle-aged female but not for younger women. It was also found that self-presentational efficacy moderated the relationship of social physique anxiety and exercise participation for middle-aged female, but, again, not for younger women.