Publication:

台灣棒球選手運動傷害現況之調查研究

本研究主要目的是探討國內棒球選手運動傷害分佈情形及傷害後處理與防護之行為，以提供棒球運動傷害的預防與處置之參考。本研究採用自編之「棒球選手運動傷害調查問卷」為研究工具，研究對象為高中、大專及中華職業棒球大聯盟選手，共發出835份問卷，有效問卷計645份，有效問卷率為81.65%。所取得資料採用SPSS 12.0 for Windows統計套裝軟體進行描述統計分析及卡方檢定。

研究結果如下：

一、受傷情況及分佈情形

選手在練習時（66.05%）受傷的機率較高；受傷動作以投球（34.1%）最多；傷害後影響練習的天數以七天或七天以上（40.89%）最多、影響比賽的場次以沒有影響（50.87%）較多；受傷部位以肩部（21.9%）最多；傷害類型以肌肉拉傷（33.8%）為多。

二、運動傷害危險因子（傷害過去史）

發生運動傷害的主要原因以熱身不夠（25.8%）較多，同一傷害部位再度受到傷害的比率佔80.8%。

三、傷害處理及求醫方式與治療情形

傷害發生後第一時間處理方式以冰敷（77.3%）最多；尋醫對象以運動傷害防護員（47.7%）較多；有84.3%的選手受傷後沒有充分的休息，而受傷期間繼續運動的原因，以自我要求（46.4%）最多；受傷到復原時間，以一週以內（26.9%）最多。

四、運動傷害防護認知與行動

獲得傷害防護訊息的比率以運動傷害防護員（67.3%）最多；運動傷害預防認知為普通（60.2%）的比率最高；所有選手在運動前都會進行熱身運動，而進行緩和運動時間則以5至10分鐘（39.5%）最多；運動前對受傷部位進行貼紮（49.1%）的防護措施最多、運動後對受傷部位施以冰敷（78.4%）的照護方式最高。

五、選手練習時發生傷害的比率顯著高於比賽時；不同狀況（比賽、練習）下及不同守備位置之選手，發生運動傷害的部位與類型會有所不同；選手運動傷害部位與類型不會因為不同層級而有差異。

The purpose of this study was to explore the state of injury, prevention, and treatment once a baseball player got injured. The findings of this study can be referential to the prevention of and dealing with sports injury. The questionnaire of baseball player sports injury designed by the author was adopted as a research tool. The subjects of this research involved baseball players form senior high schools, colleges, and Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL). A total of 835 questionnaires were given out while 645 of which were effectively retrieved. The effective questionnaire rate was 81.65%. SPSS 12.0 for Windows package soft was used to analyze the descriptive statistics and Chi-square (χ2) for data collected.

The results and findings of the present study were as follow:

1.The distribution of injury:

Players were most likely to get injured when they were practicing (66.05%), and pitching was the main factor to cause injury (34.1%). The practice schedule of most players could be affected for 7 days or more (40.89%), but most of the injury would not influence players’ games (50.87%). Most players hurt their shoulders (21.9%), and pulled muscle was the main type of injury (33.8%).

2.Dangerous factors of sports injury (experiences of getting injury):

The main reason to cause a sports injury was lack of warming up (25.8%), and 80.8 percent of the injured body parts would get injured again.

3.The treatment and medication of sports injury:

Most of the players would instantly adopt ice packing on injured body parts when they get injured (77.3%) and most of them (47.7%) would turn to their trainers to treat their injuries. There were 84.3 % of players didn’t get enough rest after getting injured, and the main reason of which was self-discipline (46.4%). Most of the players (26.9%) would get recovered in one week.

4.Recognition and treatments of sports injury:

Most of the players (67.3%) gathered information about prevention of sports injury from their trainers, and most of them (60.2%) regarded their recognition of prevention of sports injury as normal. All players would warm up their bodies before playing sports, but most of them (39.5%) would take 5 to 10 minutes to warm up. Athletic tapping was applied on injured body parts as protections by most players (49.1%) before they play sports. After playing sports, most players (78.4%) would ice pack their injured body parts.

5.Players got injured more easily while practicing than playing games, players of different defense positions of different situations (playing games or practice) would get different injuries and the body parts injured would also varied. No discrepancy existed between different levels of sports injury and their injured body parts.