Publication:

臺中市老年人口休閒涉入與流暢經驗對身心健康影響之研究

本研究是以台中市65歲以上參與休閒運動之老年人口為研究母群體，採立意取樣的方式發放問卷600份，有效問卷共計369份，回收有效率為61.5％。主要目的為瞭解老年人口在休閒涉入、流暢經驗與身心健康的差異情形及變項間之影響效果。研究工具有「休閒涉入量表」、「流暢經驗量表」和「身心健康量表」，依研究目的和驗證假設所需，利用SPSS for Windows 12.0套裝軟體進行描述性統計、項目分析、因素分析、獨立樣本 t 檢定、單因子多變量變異數分析、Scheffe法、徑路分析及典型相關分析等統計方法進行資料分析。所得資料經統計分析，發現在不同的人口背景變項之老年人在休閒涉入、流暢經驗和身心健康上有顯著差異存在，老年人口在休閒涉入、流暢經驗和身心健康彼此之間具有正向影響，在休閒涉入方面以表現性對身心健康之影響最大，在流暢經驗方面以掌控度對身心健康之影響最大。最後，老年人口的身心健康不僅是生理與心理的安適與平衡，情緒的舒發與運動的展現也是決定身心健康的重要指標，藉著掌握中、低難度的挑戰幫助老年人充份表現運動能力，對其身心健康有最大幫助。冀望本研究的發現能為老年人口在休閒運動政策的規劃上有所幫助。

The study adopted the elderly people in Taichung City as the research samples, purposively sampled 600 survey copies and numbered the questionnaires; Valid questionnaires reached a total of 369, and the returned rate was 61.5%. The main purpose was to discover significant diversities in different demographic backgrounds of the elderly on leisure involvement, flow experience and physical and mental health. The study tools are「Leisure Involvement Scale」,「Flow Experience Scale」 and 「Physical and Mental Health Scale」. Required by the research purposes and verification assumptions, SPSS for Windows 12.0 was used to proceed the data analyses of descriptive statistics, item analysis, factor analysis, independent samples t test, one factor multivariate analysis of variance, Scheffe, path analysis and canonical correlation analysis. Significant diversities were found in the different demographic backgrounds on the leisure involvement, flow experience and Physical and Mental Health had existed obvious differences. There was a positive effect for the elderly on leisure involvement, flow experience and physical and mental health. Performance was the greatest impact to physical and mental health among the factors of leisure involvement; Control degree affects physical and mental the most among all factors in flow experience. Finally, the physical and mental health of the elderly is not only the balance and comfortable between physical and mental health status, but also the emotional and sports express are import indexes for the physical and mental health, due to mid-low level challenges for elderly to show the sport abilities will be very helpful for the physical and mental health. Hope the results found in this study are helpful for planning the policy of recreational sports for the elderly.