Publication:

2008年北京奧運環保政策與措施

全球環境問題已經刻不容緩，為了避免對大自然的破壞，環境保護已經受到國際上的重視。本研究目的在於瞭解環境問題與環保的關聯性，且分析國際組織與國際奧委會環保政策的發展，並以探討北京奧運環保政策的制定及措施為主軸，本研究主要以文獻分析法與歷史比較研究法進行探討，研究結果發現如下： 一、為了防止空氣、水、廢棄物等汙染引起全球暖化等環境問題的擴大，環境正義與永續發展等環保意識開始興起，進而影響環保政策的制定，而在政策制定過程中要求對環境作整體考量且進行事前的環境影響評估。 二、國際組織開始發表京都議定書等國際環保公約，致力於全球環保政策的制定與落實，而國際奧委會也在國際間以及環保團體的壓力下，將環保政策列入奧林匹克憲章中，要求奧運主辦城市實施環保計畫避免對環境造成任何破壞。 三、北京奧運也提出「綠色奧運」的口號，在環保政策規劃上利用環境影響評估致力於環保政策的落實，且主要針對空氣、生態保育、水資源、垃圾與交通等環境問題執行環保措施，在場館方面則是將新建場館引用高科技與新技術減少對能源的需求，而擴建場館也盡量利用現有的建築進行改造，並把臨建場館在賽後拆除減少對環境負擔，且都同時考慮到賽後的利用，而賽後的場館經營與維護的收支能否持續盈利需要繼續觀察。

The global environmental questions have been already very urgent. For avoid destruction to nature, already paying attention to in the world environmental protection. The purpose of this study was to understand environmental problems and environmental related. To analyze International organizations and International Olympic Committee of development in the environmental policies. Discussion the formulation and measures of Beijing Olympic Games protection policies as the main shaft, this research carries on the discussion with document analysis and case study mainly. The result of study is found as follows:

1. In order to prevent air, water, waste, etc. polluting the enlargement which causes the global warming environmental questions. Consciousness of Environmental Justice and Sustainable Development was developing. They influence the formulation of the environmental protection policies, and require while the policies are made that consider the whole and assess the environmental impact in advance.
2. The international organizations begin to publish international environmental protection conventions as Kyoto Protocol, etc., devoted to the formulation and implementation of the global environmental protection policies. International Olympic Committee under the pressure to list the environmental protection policies in the Olympic Charter of the international groups. Requires the host city for Olympic Games to implement the environmental plans and avoid causing any destruction to the environment.
3. Beijing Olympic Games puts forward the slogan of 'Green Olympics'. It is devoted to the implementation the environmental protection policies in environmental impact assessment, and carry out the environmental practice to environmental questions as the air, water resource, trash and traffic etc. Quote Hi-Tech and new technology in new venues to reduce the demand for the energy, and extend venue is it utilize existing building carry on transformation to try, and temporary venue is removed after the games. To consider with the use after the games while having a match at the same time, and revenue and expenditure managed and safeguarded in venues after the match can make profits to need to go on and observing continuously.