Publication:

芭蕾舞者平衡能力與時間準確能力(Timing)、空間準確能力(Spacing)、出力準確能力(Grading)相關之研究

中文摘要

本研究旨在探討芭蕾舞蹈技術與時間準確能力（Timing）、空間準確能力（Spacing）、出力準確能力（Grading）等變相上的關係。研究以國立臺灣體育學院舞蹈系2位芭蕾舞專長學生為實驗對象，測驗起跳翻身與剪刀腳兩組型態動作各10次，並於瞬間落地時做蹲式第一阿拉伯式(Arabesque)平衡控制。實驗前後分別透過Biovison多功能多通道訊號處理系統（包含電子關節角度計、傾斜計及Switch足底平衡測量計）、DASYLab6.0版生物訊號處理系統，記錄實驗參加者完成動作的參數變化特徵。研究結果發現舞者在平衡控制能力方面，大多以細微的移動身體重心及踝、膝關節來維持動作的平衡狀態。而各關節角度變化特徵結果發現，舞者在空間準確能力（Spacing）中未出現明顯變化，但時間準確能力（Timing）顯示，騰空階段各關節伸展之最大角度時間順序愈準確者，騰空時間愈長，也愈亦達到平衡。出力準確能力（Grading）發現，舞者憑著膝關節離地後產生最大角速度與膝關節角度的調整，控制出力的感覺，且最大角速度及屈曲角度愈大者，騰空時間與平衡控制能力也較佳。此一結果說明，舞者利用下肢完成各種舞蹈動作型態頻繁，因此需要紮實的關節基本訓練，但不是訓練成為機械的操作，而是讓肢體平穩地、流暢地、配合身體內在及外在節奏、循著地板軌跡舞動，如此才能將動作技術質感發揮淋漓盡致。

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between the different skills of Ballet dancing and the correct timing, spacing and grading of the movements. The research was taken from two students in the dance department of the Taiwan college of Physical Education. The experiment measured the correct timing, spacing, and grading required in order to perform balance control movements standing on a single-foot. The experimental participants had to perform two actions ten times each; one was taking off and turning the body over in midair, and the other was performing the “Scissors’ Foot”. Both actions were performed and landed in a balance position at the instant of touch down by using the crouching pose of the first Arabesque. The experimental data was recorded before and after each action was performed by using the system of multiple functions and passage signals of Biovision (which included e-joints goniometer, tilters, and surveying gauge of the foot-bottom balance of Switch), and the biological signal processing system of DASYLab 6.0 version. The research discovered that most dancers were maintaining their actions in balance status with just a subtle weight transfer between the body, the ankle and the knee joint. The correct bending angle of the joints and the timing of the movements resulted in longer air-time and a softer and more balance landing. In terms of accurate spacing, the test of 180 degrees of directional change proved to have been easier than the dancers’ daily spin training, therefore, no significance was found. In terms of accurate grading, a positive relation was found between the speed of take off and the angle at which the joints were bent. The more speed and bent angle of the joints, the higher the movement could be performed with sufficient time for a perfect landing. The result of this study showed that dancers frequently took advantage of their lower limbs to achieve various dancing actions and forms; hence, basic training to the joints must be emphasized to smoothly coordinate the muscle with the body rhythm both inside and outside to achieve technical and artistic perfection.