本研究目的在探討臺中市國民小學和國民中學學生體適能與學業成績關係之研究。以國民小學4~5年級900位學生和國民中學1~2年級900位學生，共1800位為研究對象，研究國中、小體適能與國語、數學成績之差異、關係與解釋力。
　　經由描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、皮爾森積差相關與迴歸分析，來進行統計分析之工作，綜合本研究結果發現：
一、國小與國中學生在體適能與學業成績皆有顯著差異。
二、國小學生立定跳遠、仰臥起坐和體適能總成績與國語和數學達顯著相關；反之，BMI、坐姿體前彎和心肺耐力則與國語、數學和學業總成績無顯著相關。
三、國中學生BMI、坐姿體前彎、仰臥起坐、心肺耐力和體適能總成績皆與國語、數學和學業總成績達顯著相關。反之，立定跳遠與國語、數學和學業總成績呈無顯著相關。
四、國小學生立定跳遠和BMI對國語成績最具解釋力；而仰臥起坐對數學成績最具解釋力。
五、國中學生心肺耐力和仰臥起坐皆對國語、數學和學業總成績最具解釋力。

　　The purpose of this study is to discuss the correlation between the physical fitness and academic performance. The participants are 1800 students from elementary school and junior high school of Taichung city. The 900 samples are from elementary school 4th and 5th grade students, and the other 900 samples are from junior high school 1st and 2nd grade students. The research discusses the difference and the relations between physical fitness and the performance of two academic subjects Chinese and mathematics.
　　Through the descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson product-moment correlation analysis and regression analysis, the following is the conclusions from analysis results of the study.
1.Students in elementary and junior high school have significantly difference in physical fitness and academic performance.
2.According to the analysis results for elementary school students, it has significantly correlation between standing broad jump, curl-ups, physical fitness and academic performance in subjects Chinese and mathematics. Whereas no significant correlation between BMI, sit and reach test, cardiovascular endurance and total academic performance and two subjects.
3.For high school students, it has significantly correlation between BMI, sit and reach test, curl-ups, cardiovascular endurance, physical fitness and total academic performance and subjects Chinese and mathematics. Whereas no significant correlation between standing broad jump and academic performance of two subjects.
4.According to multiple stepwise regression analysis of elementary school students, the standing broad jump and BMI have the most explanation on academic performance of Chinese. The curl-ups has the most explanation on academic performance of mathematics.
5.According to multiple stepwise regression analysis of junior high school students, the cardiovascular endurance and curl-ups have the most explanation on subjects Chinese, mathematics and total academic performance.