Publication:

我國甲組成棒選手自我效能和集體效能與團隊凝聚力間的關係及對運動表現的影響

中文摘要

本研究的目的在於：1.探討成棒選手自我效能、集體效能和團隊凝聚力的關係；2.探討成棒選手自我效能、集體效能和團隊凝聚力對運動表現的影響；3.探討自我效能、集體效能和團隊凝聚力對成棒選手運動表現的預測力。本研究係以參加我國九十年甲組成棒春季聯賽選手共計十二隊選取217名為研究對象；其中投手63名，捕手及內外野手154名，平均年齡為21±2.06歲。

本研究採問卷調查法，以「自我效能量表」、「集體效能量表」、「團隊情境量表」為工具，進行研究資料的蒐集與整理分析後，以皮爾遜積差相關、獨立樣本二因子變異數分析和多元逐步迴歸分析進行統計分析，研究結果共分三部份：

一、成棒選手自我效能、集體效能和團隊凝聚力三者之間的關係呈正相關（p< .05）。

二、成棒選手集體效能與團隊凝聚力對運動表現有主要效果存在，高集體效能受試者（M＝70.55）之運動表現高於低集體效能受試者（M＝43.19）;高團隊凝聚力受試者（M＝62.84）之運動表現高於低團隊凝聚力受試者（M＝50.76）。

三、成棒選手「集體效能」和「工作凝聚力」能有效預測成棒選手運動表現，兩者的累積解釋變異量達48.2%。

本研究結果大部份支持研究假設。最後，根據本研究結果，針對運動訓練與後續有關之研究，提出討論與建議。

ABSTRACT

The purposes of this study were to (1) examine the relationships of self efficacy, collective efficacy and team cohesion on Taiwan adult baseball players; (2) explore the effects of self-efficacy, collective efficacy and team cohesion on athletic performance; (3) investigate the self-efficacy, collective efficacy and team cohesion on predictive to athletic performance. A total of 217 adult baseball players from twelve teams, who had participated the spring contests of 2001, voluntarily served as subjects. The subjects

included 63 pitchers and 154 catchers, infielders, and outfielders with average age 21±2.06 years.

A series of questionnaires, such as self-efficacy questionnaire, collective- efficacy questionnaire, and team-cohesion questionnaire were used as implements. After data collecting, the Pearson correlation, two-way ANOVA, Stepwise multiple regression analysis methods were used to analyze the data. The results of this study revealed that:

(1) A positive relationship (p< .05) between player’s self-efficacy, collective efficacy and team cohesion were found for adult baseball players.

(2) A significant main effects for athletic performance were found in collective efficacy and team cohesion for adult baseball players. The players who had higher collective efficacy (M=70.55) seem to perform better than those who had lower collective efficacy (M=43.19). The players who had higher team cohesion (M=62.84) tend to perform better than those who had lower team cohesion (M=50.76).

(3) The players’ collective efficacy and work cohesion could effectively predict their athletic performance. The explanation of both different accumulations is up to 48.2%.

The results of this study mostly met the research assumption. Finally, based on the results of this study, the researcher would like to raise some discussions and suggestions for athletic training and future relative researches.