Publication:

臺中縣老人休閒運動參與之研究

本研究目的在探究臺中縣老人參與休閒運動之現況及需求，並瞭解臺中縣推行老人休閒運動的相關措施。研究方法兼採問卷調查及半結構式訪談，依山、海、屯三區採立意抽樣，發放問卷共計800份，回收有效問卷718份；另立意抽樣十位老人及九位推展人員進行訪談；問卷資料以描述性統計及卡方檢定進行處理，訪談資料經逐字稿整理，與問卷分析比對後呈現結果。

綜合研究結果發現：參與休閒運動者達82.7%，養成規律習慣者有46.6%，以散步最多佔67.6%，運動地點以住家附近道路、學校為主；63.5%的老人選擇獨自進行；僅19.6%有專人指導，13.8%需要付費，資訊獲得以親友告知者最多。

每週參與次數與教育程度、健康情形、最困擾疾病、居住情形及生活費用等變項達顯著差異；參與休閒運動的時間，則與年齡、教育程度、健康情形及生活費用等變項達顯著差異。

老人參與休閒運動之動機，主要為維護健康，而身體病痛則為主要阻礙因素；對同伴、活動辦理、場地及資訊之需求為高；對指導及經費補助需求較低。

研究相關單位推展結果指出：業務依循中央政策推動，實際規劃執行為社區、鄉鎮體育會及各單項協會；承辦單位多需自籌不足經費，且欠缺專用場地，建議未來場館興建以多功能納入老人需求為規劃方向，並招募志工協助推展事宜，期能對提高參與有所助益。

The purpose of the research is to study the current status of the senior citizens’ participation in and their needs for recreational activities Taichung County as well as to have a better understanding of the related measures implemented for promotion of the recreational activities for senior citizens in Taichung County. A questionnaire survey and a semi-structured interview were employed for this study, and purposive sampling was conducted in the mountainous, coastal and urban areas of Taichung County. A total of 800 questionnaires were distributed, and 718 valid questionnaires were received. Moreover, a purposive sampling of 10 senior citizens and 9 promotion personnel was conducted for interview; survey data were processed using the descriptive statistics and Chi-square test, while interview data were sorted through verbatim transcription and later analyzed and contrasted with the questionnaire survey data for the study conclusion.

The comprehensive study reveals that 82.7% of the senior citizens in Taichung County participate in the recreational activities, and 46.6% of which develop a regular habit out of it. Kinds of exercise that 67.7% are mostly strolling in the morning mainly at the schools or roads near home. 63.5% choose to practice exercise alone, and only 19.6% are accompanied by experts; moreover, 13.8% of which are charged for the recreational activities and most senior citizens acquire the recreational activities related information from their relatives or friends.

A significant difference is noted between the weekly frequency of participation in recreational activities and the following variables, educational attainment, health condition, main diseases with which the senior citizens are afflicted, living situation and living expense. In addition, a significant difference is also noted between the length of time of participation in recreational activities and the variables of age, educational attainment, health condition and living expense.

Secondly, the senior citizens’ participation in recreational activities is mainly driven by the senior citizens’ desire to maintain their health; however, the physical affliction is the major hindrance to the senior citizens’ participation in the recreational activities. The study result manifests that senior citizens have high demand for companions, activity organization, location of activity, and information related to the recreational activities, while their demand for guidance and subsidy is relatively low.

Thirdly, study on the recreational activities promotion outcomes of the related organizations reveals the following: operations are carried out under the government policies; actual planning and execution are done by the community, rural athletic society and a number of associations; activity organizers would often have to raise funds in order to compensate for the insufficient budget, and lack of a dedicated site for recreational activities is also a problem to be considered. Hence, it is recommended that the future construction schemes for sport stadium be incorporated with multifunctional features in order to better meet the senior citizens’ demand. Moreover, it’s hoped that recruiting volunteer workers to assist with promotional affairs may stimulate the senior citizens’ participation in the recreational activities.