Publication:

降體重期間對於角力選手身體組成無氧閾值、專項體能之效應

本研究的主要目的在探討降體重期間對於男子角力選手身體組成、無氧閾值、專項體能之效應。以男子角力選手10人為研究對象，平均年齡19.7＋－1.27歲、身高167.3＋－6.34cm、體重73.73＋－12.58kg，運動年資7.6＋－2.62年，減重重量3.67＋－4.4公斤。在準備期、賽前期、比賽期、恢復期先以身體組成分析儀進行身體組成之之百分比、脂肪重及肌肉重變化記錄。檢測基礎耐力的無氧閾值、心跳率、有氧及無氧能力的變化並加以分析，以角力運動的專項體能測驗（握力、軀幹肌力、垂直跳、10公尺折返跑），角力專項運動—角力擒抱摔、角力滾橋，分析男子角力選手在準備期、賽前期、比賽期、恢復期的身體組成、無氧閾值、專項體能的差異性。所有測驗資料使用單因子變異數分析（One-Way ANOVA）做資料處理，並以Tukey法做事後比較，α值設定為<.05。

本研究結果如下：

（一）降體重期間對身體組成並無顯著差異性。

（二）降體重期間對於基礎耐力檢測的乳酸及血糖並無顯著差異性，但在心跳率有顯著差異性。

（三）降體重期間對專項體能並無顯著差異性。

結論：角力選手在降體重期間基礎耐力心跳率有顯著差異，顯示受試者在速耐力訓練有進步，因此角力選手在固定模式訓練下及飲食控制下進行減重是可以實施的。

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of body composition, anaerobic threshold and sports specific fitness of male wrestling athletes during the period of weight reduction. The subjects were 10 male wrestling athletes. The average age was 19.7＋－1.27 years old, height was 167.3＋－6.34 cm, weight was 73.73＋－12.58 kg, athletic experience was 3.5± 1.56 years, and reduced weight was 3.67＋－4.4 kg. During the period of preparation, the period of before the competition, the period of the competition and the period of the recovery, the percentage of the body composition, fat weight (FW), and lean body mass (LBM) were tested by body impedance analyzer (BIA), observe and analyze the variations of the anaerobic threshold, the rate of heartbeat, aerobic capacity and anaerobic capacity by the basic endurance examination. The variations of body composition, anaerobic threshold and sports specific fitness of male wrestling athletes during the period of preparation, the period of before the competition, the period of the competition and the period of the recovery were determined by wrestling sports specific fitness tests (including of hand grip, trunk strength, vertical jumping and 10 meters back-forth race) and specific sports (including of wrestling tackle action and wrestling momentary bridge). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to process all the data. Turkey post hoc procedure was used to identify significant between groups. Significant level was set at α<0.05. The results indicate that:

1.The variation of the body composition was not significant during the period of weight reduction.

2.The variation of the lactic acidosis and the blood sugar of the basic endurance examination were not significant, but the variation of the heart rates was significant during the period of weight reduction.

3.The variation of the sports specific fitness was not significant during the period of weight reduction.

In conclusion, the variation of basic enduring heart rates of wrestling athletes was significant during the period of weight reduction. It shows that the subjects made progress during the speed and endurance training program. Therefore, weight reduction which is under a diet plan and steady training program of wrestling athletes is achievable.