Publication:

國內100公尺短跑選手在高速期下肢擺動角度及速度與成績表現之研究

本研究以運動學分析國內100公尺選手高速期下肢（左腳）之最小膝關節角度、擺動腿擺動角速度、最大大腿角度以及步幅，並分析與成績表現之相關。研究對象為10位大學田徑短距離男選手，測試前於右腳尖（內側）、左腳尖、踝關節、左膝關節、左髖關節貼上標記點。受試者皆須完成兩次100公尺測驗，並取較佳一次成績進行分析。本研究以一台數位攝影機拍攝50~60公尺受試者動作，ALGE-TIMING無線分段計時器取得測驗成績，KWON 3D動作分析軟體計算出各運動學參數，將所得以皮爾森積差相關(Pearson correlation)運算出本研究各項參數及成績間之相關，顯著水準為p<.05。結果如下：一、最小膝關節角度與擺動腿擺動角速度呈現負相關，達顯著水準（p<.05）；與最大大腿角度呈現負相關，達顯著水準（p<.05）；與步幅呈現負相關，達顯著水準（p<.05）。二、擺動腿擺動角速度與最大大腿角度呈現負相關，未達顯著水準；與步幅呈現負相關，未達顯著水準。三、最大大腿角度與步幅呈現正相關，未達顯著水準。四、下肢運動學與100公尺成績：（一）最小膝關節角度與100公尺成績呈現正相關，達顯著水準（p<.05）。（二）擺動腿擺動角速度與100公尺成績呈現負相關，達顯著水準（p<.01）。（三）最大大腿角度與100公尺成績呈現負相關，未達顯著水準。（四）步幅與100公尺成績呈現負相關，未達顯著水準。研究結論為高速期階段最小膝關節角度越小，使擺動角速度增大，速度加快同時提升大腿前擺幅度，取得較佳的步幅。

The purposes of this study were to analysis the correlation between the lower limb kinematic parameters (left leg) and the 100 meter performance among the 100 meters sprinters during high speed period. The study focused on analyzing the lower limb minimum knee angle, swing leg angular velocity, maximum thigh angle and stride length. Subjects were ten male track and field sprinters, each subject must pasted the markers on right toe(inside), left toe, left ankle, left knee and left hip before testing, and must completed two trips of 100 meters, then selected one better result for reach analysis. Pearson Correlation method used for calculating the Correlation between lower limb kinematic parameters and 100 meter results, significant level p< .05. The results were as follows: 1. minimum knee angle and swing leg angular velocity was shown negative correlation (p< .05); minimum knee angle and maximum thigh angle was shown negative correlation (p< .05); minimum knee angle and stride length was shown negative correlation. 2. swing leg angular velocity and maximum thigh angle was shown negative correlation; swing leg angular velocity and stride length was shown negative correlation. 3. maximum thigh angle and stride length was shown positive correlation. 4. lower limb kinematic parameters and 100 meter results: (1) minimum knee angle and 100 meter results was shown positive correlation (p< .05); (2) swing leg angular velocity and 100 meter results was shown negative correlation (p< .01); (3) maximum thigh angle and 100 meter results was shown negative correlation; (4) stride length and 100 meter results was shown negative correlation. The conclusions demonstrated that the smaller minimum knee angle appear, the bigger swing leg angular velocity produce, increase the swing speed and elevate the range of swing leg to swing forward as well, then obtain a better stride length.