Publication:

單車長途騎乘對體適能與血液生化值的影響之研究

國內單車環島的風氣日益盛行，一般休閒的單車騎乘不只可以節能減碳，且對於我們的身體適能有相當良好的助益，但單車環島的強度是對我們有幫助的嗎？長時間的單車長途騎乘對我們身體又有什麼影響呢？本篇研究目的為探討單日長時間多天數的單車長途騎乘對於一般人身體適能及血液生化值的影響。本研究自「2008年鐵駱駝單車環島生活體驗隊」招募體適能部份受試者27名（男性20名，女性7名），血液生化值部份受試者32名（男性24名，女性8名），完成為期15天的單車環島活動（共計1145公里），每位受試者平均每日騎乘5-6小時。體適能部份，受試者在出發前及活動結束後三天，接受七項體適能項目的測試。體適能項目包括身體組成、最大攝氧量（VO2max）、20公尺衝刺、握力、擺臂下蹲跳（CMJ）、原地垂直跳（SJ）及30秒無氧動力測試（Wingate test）。結果顯示體重、BMI、右手握力、SJ、下肢平均輸出動力（MP）及最大輸出動力（PP）皆顯著下降，VO2max則顯著高於環島前。血液生化值部份，在環島第一天、第五天、第十天、第十五天及環島結束後第四天採集血液樣本。分析血清肌酸激酶（CK）、乳酸脫氫酶（LDH）、血尿素氮（BUN）、尿酸（UA）、睪固酮（Testosterone）與皮質醇（Cortisol）。結果顯示，CK濃度在環島第五天顯著增加，而在第十天、第十五天及環島結束後第四天則顯著減少。LDH在環島活動期間無顯著變化。BUN在環島第五天及第十五天有顯著的增加。UA在環島第五天顯著增加，第十天後恢復至出發前水平。Testosterone在環島第五天顯著減少，在第十天後恢復至出發前水平，在環島結束後第四天上升達顯著。Cortisol在環島活動期間無顯著變化。本研究結果顯示，未受訓練者從事長時間單車活動後，對於BMI及體重控制有良好的幫助，且在有氧能力方面亦有所改善，大部份血液生化值也在環島結束後恢復安靜時水平，顯示了身體的適應現象，以及運動強度的適當。

In Taiwan, cycling has become increasingly popular. Riding a bicycle will not only save environmental energy, but also have very good effects on our physical fitness. Cycling around the island has any help at all? What are the influences of long-term bicycle riding on physical fitness? The purpose of this study was to explore the influences of a long-term cycling tour on physical fitness and biochemical profile in sedentary subjects. Twenty seven untrained people (20 males, 7 females) were recruited in physical fitness items form participants of 2008 cycling tour of Taiwan, and thirty two (24 males, 8 females)untrained people were recruited in biochemical profile items. The event concluded 15-day cycling around Taiwan (1145 kilometers). Each subject had to pedal about 5~6 hours averagely each day. They were tested seven items of physical fitness before departure, and within 3 days after the end of the activity. Physical fitness project included body composition, maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), 20-meter sprint, grip strength, counter movement jump (CMJ), static jump (SJ), and the 30s Wingate test. The results showed that body weight, BMI, right hand grip strength, SJ, mean power (MP), and peak power (PP) were significantly decreased. VO2max was significantly higher than that before cycling around the island. Part of the biochemical profile, fasting blood samples were collected in the early morning on day 1, 5, 10, 15 during the tour and 4 days after the end of the activity. Creatine Kinase（CK）, Lactate Dehydrogenase（LDH）, Blood Urine Nitrogen（BUN）, Uric Acid（UA）, Testosterone,　and Cortisol were analyzed. The results showed that CK concentration was significantly increased on day 5 and significantly decreased on day 10, 15, and post-4. There were no significantly changes in Cortisol and LDH during the activity. BUN concentration was significantly increased on day 5 and day 15. UA concentration was significantly increased on day 5 and return to basal level after day 10.

Testosterone concentration was significantly decreased on day 5 but return to basal level on day 10 and significantly higher than basal level on post-4. Results of current study suggested that changes of BMI showed the good effect of body weight control, and it showed the large improvement on the aerobic power. Most of blood biochemical profile return to basal level after the end of the event. It showed that cycling around Taiwan induced body adaptation effect and appropriate exercise intensity.