Publication:

父權社會意識下女性芭蕾舞者角色之研究

社會長期以來對兩性往往有不同的認知與期待，在芭蕾的生態中亦是如此。因此，本論文希望結合社會學、女性主義的相關理論與分析法，以舞蹈史中女性芭蕾舞者角色為主題，分析性別刻板化與主/從關係、在舞劇中與社會上所扮演的角色、身體自主權，藉以引導女性芭蕾舞者思索相關於自身權利與發展性等課題。總合研究結果發現：

一、芭蕾當中的性別刻板化是存在的，只是隨著時代的變遷，會有不同的面貌呈現。女性芭蕾舞者願意挑戰傳統的約束，以嶄新的創意突破女性長期位居的次等地位，這積極的態度值得後人的肯定。

二、父權社會往往透過舞劇文本傳達了符合社會期待的象徵性性別意識，從而讓人獲得社會所建構的性別認知。舞劇雖常以二分化來刻畫女性的角色，但那不是女性的全貌，因此也不應對女性有錯誤的迷思或刻板印象。

三、多數舞者以為迎合由男性所建構的審美觀，便可獲得在舞台上展現自我的機會，故紛紛落入瘦身的迷思當中，但，實質上，身體塑造的目的應是為了幫助舞者省力與展示肢體律動之美感而非迎合他人的喜好。

故，研究者認為要改變女性芭蕾舞者的劣勢，應從強化女性自覺開始。

Abstract

The two sexes had long been held in different cognitions and expectations in our society. There is no exception in the ecology of ballet. This thesis hopes to combine the relevant theory of sociology, women's doctrine and analytic approach, taking female ballet dancers’ roles as a theme to analyze their roles in the society and in the dance drama, the “master and servant” relationship, the stereotypes toward sexes, and the autonomy of their physical bodies. This thesis intends to guide the women ballet dancers to meditate on their own right and future.

Summarize the result of study we could find that:

1.the stereotypes of sexes do exist in the world of ballet, yet as time goes by, they appear with different faces. Female ballet dancers are willing to challenge the constraints of tradition and to break through the net of submissive status. This active attitude (or achievement) is deserved to be praised.

2.the patriarchy society has often transmitted the symbol of sexual consciousness that it has long been looking forward to conveying to the public through the dance drama text. Though the text often portray female character as a good one or a bad one, this isn’t enough to take on an infinite variety of a woman. Therefore, we shouldn’t hold false impressions and stereotypes against women.

3.Most female ballet dancers thought they could get a chance to express themselves on stage by catering to “the aesthetic conceptions” built and constructed by man. However, the purpose of body’s fitness ought to help the same dancers to save their strength and show the beauty of body’s movements, not just cater to others’ preference.

Therefore, the researcher thinks that in order to change the inferior position of the female ballet dancers, we should start form strengthening women’s self-consciousness.