Publication:

大學跆拳道選手賽季間生理及生化變化之研究

跆拳道相關研究指出，全面體能的提昇對於選手的競賽成績確實有幫助，而與跆拳道比賽成績最相關的是無氧動力。因此本研究目的是為探討在不同訓練階段，大學跆拳道選手下肢無氧動力以及血液生化值的變化。受試者為27名大學跆拳道選手（男性22名，女性5名），受試者接受的訓練主要以96年全國運動會做為整個賽季的規劃，在準備期、比賽期與過渡期，各安排檢測血液生化值、荷爾蒙指標、30秒Wingate anaerobic test以及模擬跆拳道實際比賽的間歇無氧測驗，並且分析比賽成績與身體組成、無氧動力值之相關性。間歇無氧測驗仿照跆拳道比賽間歇性攻擊的特性，於固定式腳踏車重覆15秒全力衝刺及15秒的休息的運動型式，進行三回合，每回合兩分鐘，回合間休息一分鐘。結果顯示受試者在三個時期乳酸脫氫酶、肌酸激酶、與尿酸偏高，準備期、比賽期與過渡期的最大動力值、平均動力值以及遞減值均未達顯著差異。在間歇無氧測驗，男性54-67公斤級在比賽期的第一回合vs第二回合與第一回合vs第三回合功率衰退率最高；而男性67-84公斤級則是在準備期的第一回合vs第二回合平均功率衰退率最高。比賽成績與身體組成、無氧動力值之比較，均無顯著差異；但在男性國際級67-84公斤級身高高於其他層級受試者，而女性受試者也有同樣情形。

Several resaches have showed that fitness level, mostly related to anaerobic power, may influence Taekwondo performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of anaerobic power of lower limbs and biochemical parameters in college Taekwondo athletes through the entire training season. The training program consists of three periods, preparation (T1), competition (T2), and transition (T3). Twenty seven college Taekwondo athletes (22 males, 5 females) participated in this study. Each subject was performed blood analysis, 30s Wingate test, and an intermittent anaerobic test in T1, T2, and T3 periods. The relationship among competition results and body composition and anaerobic power was also analyzed. The intermittent anaerobic test was consisted of 3 rounds with 4 sets in each round. Each set contained a 15 sec maximal cycling and 15 sec rest. There was 1 min rest between each round. The results showed that lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and uric acid concentrations were significantly higher than normal values in three periods. The peak power, mean power and fatigue index of the Wingate test were not significantly different among the three periods. In the intermittent anaerobic test, round 1 vs round 2 and round 1 vs round 3 power deficit were higher in male of 54 – 67 kg weight class during T2 periods, and round1 vs round 2 mean power deficit were higher in male of 67 – 84 kg weight class during T1 periods. The relevance between the performance and the anaerobic power had no statistical significant, but the international stage, the height was higher on national male and female Taekwondo athletes of 67 – 84 kg weight class.