Publication:

刺五加對柔道運動員抗氧化能力的影響

劇烈的運動可能會導致氧化傷害，如能攝取相關的抗氧化食品，可能將有助於提高體內抗氧化能力及運動表現。本研究旨在探討在訓練期間補充刺五加4週對柔道運動員抗氧化能力及運動能力的影響。以大專男子優秀柔道運動員18人為受試者分為兩組，採雙盲法實驗設計，實驗組每天服用刺五加1500mg，控制組服用安慰劑。實驗期間對全體受試者施以4週之柔道集訓。分析受試者服用前與4週後之血清麩胱甘肽轉硫酶（glutathione S-transferase，GST）、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase，SOD)、麩胱甘肽過氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase，GPX)活性，以及丙二醛(malondialdehyde，MDA)濃度及心肺耐力，並以划船器進行5分鐘上肢間歇肌耐力運動能力測試。SOD達顯著訓練效應，安慰劑組後測顯著低於前測(76.92±7.96 vs 74.37±8.18 U/mg protein，前測vs後測)，但無顯著組間效應，最大耗氧量(VO2max)及最大換氣量(VE)均呈現顯著訓練效應，安慰劑組及刺五加組後測皆顯著高於前測(VO2max：安慰劑組51.14±6.78 vs 55.47±6.89，刺五加組44.07±7.99 vs 51.23±6.68 ml/kg/min，VE：安慰劑組119.91±22.26 vs 131.36±23.23，刺五加組108.96±21.68 vs 129.91±24.19 L/min，前測vs後測)，但無顯著組間效應。肌耐力作功指數在第1、3、15階段的訓練效應達顯著差異，安慰劑組後測明顯高於前測，但無顯著組間效應，疲勞指數在第3、4、5、6、9、10階段的訓練效應達顯著差異，刺五加組後測明顯高於前測，並在第3階段達顯著組間效應。其餘GST、GPX、MDA、下肢最大肌力、爆發力在訓練效應及組間效應皆未達顯著差異，此研究顯示，柔道訓練期間攝取刺五加對抗氧化能力以及氧化傷害並無顯著的影響，而柔道運動訓練雖然顯著降低安慰劑組SOD活性，但對總體氧化傷害並無顯著影響，攝取刺五加對柔道運動員之心肺能力、爆發力、下肢最大肌力以及上肢肌耐力並無顯著的影響。

The intensive exercise may cause oxidative stress. The supplements with antioxidatve capacity may help to reduce oxidative stress and improve exercise performance. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of 4-week supplementation of ciwajia on antioxidant capacity and exercise performance in judo athletes during the training period. Eighteen elite male judo athletes from universities were divided into two groups. The study is double blinded. The subjects in the experiment group consume 1500mg of ciwajia daily, and the subjects in the control group consumed placebo. During the study period, all subjects underwent the concentrative judo trainin. The following variables were measured: glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in serum, cardio-respiratory endurance, leg muscle strength, and lower body explosive power before and after the study period. In addition, upper extremity muscular strength and endurance was mausred using a 5-min intermittent rowing test. Results showed that there was significant training effect on SOD. In control group, SOD was significantly lower after the study (76.92±7.96 vs. 74.37±8.18 U/mg protein，before vs after). No significant difference was found between the groups. On the contrary, VO2max and VE showed significant increases in both groups after the study (VO2max: control: 51.14±6.78 vs. 55.47±6.89，ciwajia 44.07±7.99 vs. 51.23±6.68 ml/kg/min. VE: control: 119.91±22.26 vs. 131.36±23.23, ciwajia 108.96±21.68 vs. 129.91±24.19 L/min，before vs after). Similarly, no significant difference was found between the groups. In the 5-min intermittent rowing test, significant differences were present in muscular endurance workloads during the training stages of the first, third and fifteenth. Results suggested that workloads were significantly higherr in Placebo Group. No significant effect occurred between the groups. Significant differencse were present in the Degree of Fatigue during the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, ninth and tenth stages. The degree of fatigue was significantly higher after the study in Ciwujia group, and the significant group effect was present at the third stage. As for the maximum muscular strength of lower limbs, explosive power, GST, GPX, and MDA, no significant training and supplementation effect was found. This study suggested that there was no significant effect of 4-week ciwajia supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative stress during judo training. In addition, there is no significant effect of ciwajia supplementation on cardio-respiratory endurance, explosive power, maximum muscle force of lower extremity and upper body muscle endurance in judo athletes during training.