Publication:

重覆衝刺跑訓練及肌內效貼紮、動態伸展與肌力運動之預防反覆衝刺跑損傷策略: 超音波影像、等速肌力與肌肉損傷生化指標評估

背景: 衝刺跑運動易造成下肢肌肉損傷，特別是腿後腱肌群，目前有效預防衝刺跑損傷之研究仍相當有限。本研究進行兩個研究主題，第一個，兩回合反覆衝刺跑之間間隔3天休息對肌肉損傷影響。第二個，不同貼布處理對衝刺跑運動後肌肉損傷影響。研究方法:每個研究主題各招募12位健康男性大學生，第一個研究，每位受試者在反覆衝刺跑後需休息3天後再進行第二回合衝刺跑。第二個研究中，每位受試者需以平衡次序方式進行不貼、肌內效貼布及洛克貼布處理。每位受試者需進行反覆衝刺跑 (每趟30公尺，共15趟)，分別在每回合反覆衝刺跑運動前、衝刺跑後24、48及72小時需進行血液肌酸激脢、肌肉酸痛、柔軟度及下肢等速肌力檢測。結果: 第一個研究結果發現，兩回合反覆衝刺跑後僅間隔三天休息時間，肌酸激脢仍顯著增加(p<.05)，但肌肉酸痛在第二回合衝刺跑後無顯著增加情況並且顯著低於第一回合(p<.05)。腿後腱肌離心肌力(角速度為30度/秒)，在第二回合衝刺跑後肌力恢復較快且顯著提升肌力值(p<.05)。理想用力角度部分，第一回合衝刺跑後轉移至較短肌肉長度位置(p<.05)，第二回合則轉移至較長肌肉位置(p<.05)。股四頭肌向心肌力與腿後腱肌柔軟度僅第一回合有顯著降低情況(p<.05)。第二項研究結果，肌酸激脢、肌肉痠痛及腿後腱肌離心肌力在兩組貼布組進行衝刺跑後產生肌肉損傷程度顯著低於不貼組(p<.05)，並且恢復情況較快。結論: 因此，以上結果推測反覆衝刺跑之間至少需間隔3天休息，可能能降低衝刺跑損傷，並有提升下肢肌力情形。此外，本研究認為兩種貼布之間預防衝刺跑損傷效果沒有差異，但仍有降低衝刺跑運動後肌肉損傷程度，建議教練或選手可以參考使用。

BACKGROUND: The repeated bout effect (RBE) refers to the prophylactic effect from damaging exercise after a single previous bout of exercise. Kinesio taping has been widely used in athletes to prevent sports injuries, we hypothesized that kinesio taping effects would be better than no-taping. METHODS: Twelve male students without a prior history of lower extremity injury were recruited from a university to participate in this study. These subjects were recreationally active college students and performed 3 to 5 hours of regular exercise per week. The first study, the repeated bout group performed 2 bouts of sport-specific sprints separated by 3 days. The second study, there were 3 protocols in a randomized order with a 14-d interval: nontaping (CON), kinesio taping (KT), rocktape (RT) Muscle soreness, creatine kinase (CK), hamstring maximal voluntary eccentric (30o/s) and quadriceps concentric contraction (60 o/s), hamstring flexiblity were recorded before and 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after sprints exercise (30 meter x15 ). RESULTS: The first study, the magnitude of change in muscle soreness, angle of peak torque, flexibility, and hamstring eccentric strength were greater after the initial bout, suggesting lesser decrements and better recovery profile for the repeated bout group. The second study, after sprint exercise thigh muscle soreness, CK were greater in the nontaping (CON) than KT and RT groups. The hamstring maximal voluntary eccentric is diminished in the CON and better recovery profile in the KT and RT groups. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that performing a second bout of sprint exercise with damaged muscles 3 days after the initial bout does not produce further damage or retard recovery. The KT and RT technique may be more effective than nontaping in reducing adverse symptoms during the acute sprint exercise, it showed positive effects. The KT and RT protocol can be applied in practical settings.