中文摘要
　　本研究旨在瞭解高雄地區國民小學學童休閒運動參與動機及休閒阻礙之現況，進而比較不同人口統計變項的差異。研究工具為自編之「國民小學學童參與休閒運動問卷」，以高雄地區國民小學高年級學生為對象，採叢集抽樣，共計抽取652人。回收資料以t考驗及單因子變異數分析，考驗不同地區、年級、性別、家庭社經地位在休閒運動參與動機和休閒阻礙上的差異。
經分析與討論獲下列結論：
（一）在參與動機方面：
1.高雄縣顯著高於高雄市（p<.05）。
2.五年級顯著高於六年級（p<.05）。
3.男學童顯著高於女學童（p<.05）。
4.不同社經地位在參與動機上無顯著差異（p>.05）。
5.在放鬆心情、成就需求、心理需求、健康適能、追求卓越等因素上，高雄縣顯著高於高雄市（p<.05）。
6.在成就需求、心理需求、追求卓越、建議與鼓勵、社會需求等因素上，五年級顯著高於六年級（p<.05）。
7.在成就需求因素及追求卓越因素上，男生顯著高於女生（p<.05）。
（二）在休閒阻礙方面：
1.高雄市與高雄縣無顯著差異（p>.05）。
2.五年級與六年級無顯著差異（p>.05）。
3.男學童與女學童無顯著差異（p>.05）。
4.低家庭社經地位學童顯著高於中家庭社經地位學童（p<.05）。
5.在個人喜好、社會與生活、健康等因素上，高雄市顯著高於高雄縣（p<.05）。
6.在場地設備、缺乏指導因素上，高雄縣顯著高於高雄市（p<.05）。
7.在場地設備、場地安全、同伴、缺乏指導等因素上，六年級顯著高於五年級（p<.05）。
8.在社會與生活、健康、參與經驗與機會等因素上，五年級顯著高於六年級（p<.05）。
9.在社會與生活因素上，女童顯著高於男童（p<.05）。
10.在社會與生活及缺乏指導因素上，低家庭社經地位學童顯著高於中家庭社經地位學童（p<.05）。

Abstract
　　The purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of students from elementary schools in Kaohsung area regarding their participation in recreational sports, their motives, and their barriers from obtaining recreation, and further compare the differences in population statistics variable. The tool for this study is a self-created “Elementary school students’ participation in recreational sports survey”. The subjects for this study are students from elementary schools in Kaohsung area and chosen by cluster sampling. There are a total of 265 people chosen. The data was analyzed by t-test and 1-Way ANOVA. The differences between students from different areas, grades, sex, familial economic status in the society and their participation in recreational sports, their motives, and their barriers from obtaining recreation were tested.

The following conclusions were obtained after analysis and discussion:
I.In motives for participation:
1.Kaohsung county was higher than Kaohsung city. (p<.05)
2.Five graders were higher than six graders. (p<.05)
3.Male students were higher than female students. (p<.05)
4.No significant difference between students from different familial economic status in the society. (p<.05)
5.Based on relaxation, achievement needs, physiological needs, healthiness, and pursue for distinction etc., Kaohsung county was higher than Kaohsung city. (p<.05)
6.Based on achievement needs, physiological needs, pursue for distinction, opinion and encouragement, society needs etc., five graders were higher than six graders. (p<.05)
7.Based on achievement needs and pursue for distinction, male students were higher than female students. (p<.05)

II.In barriers from obtaining recreation:
1.No significant difference between Kaohsung county and Kaohsung city. (p<.05)
2.No significant difference between five graders and six graders. (p<.05)
3.No significant difference between male students and female students. (p<.05)
4.Children from families of lower economic status in the society were higher than children from families of higher economic status in the society. (p<.05)
5.Based on personal interest, society and lifestyle, health etc., Kaohsung city was higher than Kaohsung county. (p<.05)
6.Based on facility, lack of instructional guidance, Kaohsung county was higher than Kaohsung city. (p<.05)
7.Based on facility, safeties in the facility, playmates, lack of instructional guidance, six graders were higher than five graders. (p<.05)
8.Based on society and lifestyle, health, experience in participation and chance to participate, five graders were higher than six graders. (p<.05)
9.Based on society and lifestyle, female students were higher than male students. (p<.05)
10.Based on society and lifestyle, and lack of instructional guidance, students from families of lower economic status in the society were higher than children from families of higher economic status in the society. (p<.05)