Publication:

不同負荷硬舉的脊柱彎曲分析

本研究的主要目的係以三度空間運動學的測量方法，記錄不同負荷硬舉動作時，脊柱彎曲或形變的特徵，了解脊柱承載不同負荷的形變與對應機制。實驗參加者為男女各4名的國家級健力專長選手（男子選手平均年齡26.8 ± 3.3歲、身高162 ± 5公分、體重58.8 ± 5.8公斤；女子選手平均年齡21.5 ± 1.8歲、身高162 ± 4公分、體重61.3 ± 6.5公斤），資料收集使用VICON 612動作分析系統，進行最大肌力（1RM）的30%、50%、70%及90%重量的硬舉動作資料收集，並計算不同負荷時脊柱的位移與彎曲角度。運動學參數以重複量數單因子變異數分析與Duncan法事後比較進行統計考驗（α＝.05）。研究結果顯示第7頸椎與第6胸椎動作前期的位移量，最大負荷的90%大於30%、50%（p<.05）；矢狀面軀幹傾斜角的動作前期，最大負荷的90%大於30%、50%（p<.05）；矢狀面胸椎後突的工作範圍則在動作前期、全部動作期及動作期，最大負荷的90%大於30%、50%（p<.05）。本研究顯示健力運動員因應重量的增加，軀幹在動作前期會增加位移量，胸椎也隨之加大後突角度，是以在較重負荷下，運動員採用預先移動上方軀幹與維持腰椎前突角度的動作控制策略。

ABSTRACT

The purposes of this study were to estimate the deformation of spinal curve and to evaluate the strategies of weight-lifting in deadlift with different loading. Four males (age: 26.8 ± 3.3 years, height: 162 ± 5 cm, weight: 58.8 ± 5.8 kg) and four females (age: 21.5 ± 1.8 years, height: 162 ± 4 cm, weight: 61.3 ± 6.5 kg) who are national powerlifting athletes were recruited in this study. Each subject was asked to perform the deadlift in the motion laboratory with 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90% of his/her peak performance of deadlift. The VICON 612 motion analysis system was used to record the trajectories of reflective markers that were placed on the skin surface of spinal landmark. The information of landmarks of spine was used to calculate the displacements and the curvature angles of the spine. Repeated measures one-way ANVOA and Duncan post hoc tests were used to test the statistical differences for kinematical parameters with the alpha level .05. The results showed that the displacements of the 7th cervical spine (C7) and the 6th thoracic spine (T6) in the loading of 90% of the peak performance of deadlift and the inclination of trunk in saggittal plane were significantly greater than that in 30% and 50% of loading of the peak performance during the stage of prior-movement. The results of Kyphosis angle showed that the range of motion in the loading of 90% of the peak performance was significantly greater than that in the loading of 30% and 50% of the peak performance during the stage of prior-movement, the stage of movement, and the total stage of movement. It indicated that the powerlifting athletes increased the displacement of trunk and the angle of kyphosis posteriorly during the stage of prior-movement for the treatment of increase loading. Under the situation of larger loading, the powerlifting athletes adopted the strategy of pre-acted upper trunk and held the angle of kyphosis to perform the movement of deadlift.