Publication:

籃球比賽先發球員攻守能力對比賽成績的影響以高中籃球甲組聯賽（HBL）為例

為瞭解我國高中籃球甲組聯賽男、女先發球員的特性及技能發展，進而提昇籃球運動技巧和水準，作為教練選才訓練的參考。本研究以94年高中籃球甲組聯賽（HBL）男、女各四名之先發球員各項攻守記錄資料，進行攻守技術分析與比較，並探討攻守表現與籃球得分之相關。本研究以獨立樣本單因子變異數分析，比較男、女各四隊先發球員之十一項攻守記錄，並以薛費法進行事後比較，以積差相關法做攻守表現與籃球得分之相關分析，顯著水準之α 定為.05。結果發現：

一、得分與男子組先發球員在二分球（r=0.518）、防守籃板（r=0.567）、助攻（r=0.524）、搶截（r=0.589）、失誤（r=0.667）、犯規（r=0.655）具有極顯著相關，而三分球（r=0.404）、進攻籃板（r=0.418）與得分具有顯著相關，其中阻攻與得分均無顯著相關。先發球員得分與名次呈負相關之趨勢。

二、得分與女子組先發球員在二分球（r=0.548）、防守籃板（r=0.530），而罰球（r=0.515）、進攻籃板（r=0.413）有顯著相關，其他與得分均無顯著相關。得分與名次亦呈負相關之趨勢。

三、男子組在先發球員的二分球命中率上，新榮高中高於南山高中、能仁家商及三民家商，並達顯著差異；而其他各項攻守技術，皆未達顯著差異。

四、女子組四隊在先發球員的各項攻守技術上，四隊皆未達顯著差異。

本研究結果顯示各隊的先發球員投籃的穩定性不足，常因投籃準度未適時的發揮，使球隊陷於苦戰，除要加強投籃次數外，更應加強肌力、肌耐力，移位投籃、罰球的訓練。

This research was conducted in order to understand the characteristics, traits, bottlenecks or blind spots of male and female starting players of the Senior High School Basketball League in our country along with the status of these players’ skill development in order to enhance the techniques and level of basketball. Furthermore, this can be used as a reference for player-choosing and training for basketball coaches. This research was based on the offensive and defensive records of four male and four female starting players of 2005 Senior High School Basketball League. It analyzed and compared both offensive and defensive techniques, and investigated the relationships between offensive and defensive performance with scoring in basketball games. This research used one-way ANOVA to compare the record of eleven different offensive and defensive techniques of the four male and four female teams’ starting players, then Scheffe’method was used to compare the afterwards, and product moment correlation method was used to analyze the offensive and defensive performance with scoring. The significance level is α = 0.05.

Results:

1.For male starting players, scorings were significantly correlated with two point shots (r=0.518), defensive rebounds (r=0.567), assists (r=0.524), interceptions (r=0.589), misses (r=0.667), fouls (r=0.655), and three point shots (r=0.404), offensive rebounds (r=0.418) were also significantly correlated with scoring; however, blocking did not have significant relationship with scoring. Scorings of the starting players were inversely correlated with the rankings.

2.For female starting players, scorings were significantly correlated with two point shots (r=0.548), defensive rebounds (r=0.530), free throws (r=0.515), and offensive rebounds (r=0.413); however, the other techniques had found no significant correlations with scorings. Scorings of the starting players were inversely correlated with the rankings as well.

3.There was a significant difference between the male starting players. Shin-Rung Senior High School’s had higher scoring rate in two point shots than Nan-Shan, Neng-Ren, and San-Ming Senior High School. However, no significant differences were found for the rest of the offensive and defensive techniques.

4.There were no significant differences for all four female teams in each of the offensive and defensive techniques of the starting players.

The result of this research showed that the starting players of each team had problem shooting consistently, and the inconsistency in shooting accurately resulted in tiresome dogfights of their own teams. More training should be emphasized on number of shootings, moving shots, free throws, as well as enhancing muscle power and muscle endurance.