中文摘要
　　在眾多身體活動及藝術活動的領域中，國小二年級學生選擇就讀舞蹈班，甚至更早期兒童會選擇參與舞蹈活動，其動機為何？父母是如何影響？以及造成性別差異的因素等，都是值得探討的議題。根據Eccles的「期望--價值理論」，父母的期望及價值信念透過經驗的提供及經驗的詮釋影響孩子對活動的選擇，及孩子參與活動的動機。父母對兒童的舞蹈期望價值信念除了受社會文化環境對舞蹈的影響外，最重要的衝擊在於性別角色刻板印象，因此父母對兒童不同性別的期望及參與活動的價值觀，足以影響孩子能力的自我概念的發展，因此兒童在選擇活動時，會因內化父母的信念而影響自己的信念。本研究應用Eccles的「期望--價值理論」，探討在兒童性別和有無參加舞蹈甄別，母親的舞蹈期望價值信念之間的差異，以及母親對兒童舞蹈期望價值信念對兒童自己的舞蹈期望價值信念的預測。結果顯示母親對兒童性別和有無參加舞蹈甄別期信念是有差異的，女生的母親高於男生的母親、有參加甄別的母親高於未參加甄別母親。而母親的舞蹈期望價值信念是可以預測兒童的舞蹈期望價值信念，但只有能力期望的信念。本研究在學理上支持了Eccles的期望價值理論，同時為發展更多元的舞蹈藝術以及消除對舞蹈的刻板印象提供了具體的建議。

Abstracts
　　Factors influence motivation of primary school students’ participation in art and /or physical activities, especially influences from parents and the effect of gender, have been an important issue in psychology. According to Eccles’ expectancy-value model, parents’ expectancy and value believes of their children in activities are formed based on gender stereotype and parents will transfer these believes to their children through the provision and interpretation of experience of their children. Finally, children’s expectancy and value believes will influence their choice of activities. This study examined the hypothesis that mothers of girls and those who participated in dance could be different than mothers of boys and those who did not participate, in terms of expectancy and value believes of their children in dance. The hypothesis that mother’s expectancy and value believes of their children in dance could predict children’s own believes was also examined. The results showed that mothers of both girls and dance participants had more positive expectancy and value believes than their counterparts. It was also find that mother’s expectancy believes predicted those of their children, however, prediction was not confirmed in value believes.