中文摘要
　　教練的行為對於運動參與者的心理組成的影響一直是運動心理學領域的主要研究議題之一。過去的研究發現教練的行為，尤其是回饋行為，與兒童及青少年運動員的自尊、自覺能力及動機可能有顯著的相關。本研究主要的目的在探討教練回饋行為與少年運動員的動機和自覺能力的關係，同時使用觀察系統及紙筆量表，分別測量觀察的及運動員知覺的教練回饋行為，探討這兩種測量值的差異，及其各自對不同性別的少年運動選手的參與動機及自覺能力的影響。研究結果發現： （一） 觀察工具和選手知覺的問卷測量到的教練行為並不一致。（二）觀察的教練回饋行為不會因選手的性別而有差異。（三）觀察到教練在運動員有好的表現時，有越多的讚美或提供訊息的行為，運動員的動機越低。（四）知覺的教練回饋行為不會因選手的性別而有差異。（五）運動員知覺教練在有好的表現時，有越多的讚美或提供訊息的行為，運動員的動機越高。（六）觀察的和知覺的教練的回饋行為對於運動員的自覺能力都沒有顯著的預測力。

Abstract
　The influence of coaches’ behaviors on sport participants’ psychological responses has been one of the major issues in sport psychology. Literature has indicated that coaches’ behaviors, especially feedbacks, are related to young athlete’s self-esteem, perceived competence, and motivation. This study utilized both an observation system and a self-reported scale to measure coaches’ feedback. The congruency of observed and athletes’ perceived coaching feedback, and their effects on young athletes’ perceived competence and motivation of different genders were examined. Results showed that observed coaching feedbacks did not agree with that of athletes’ perception and no gender effects were found in both measurements. It was found that the more observed praises and instructions from coaches while the athletes performed well, the lower the athletes’ motivation. However, the more praises and instructions from coaches perceived by the athletes while performed well, the higher the athletes’ motivation. Finally, both observed and perceived coaching feedbacks were not significant predictors of athletes’ perceived competence.