Publication:

兒童青少年肥胖，體適能與學業表現關係之長期追蹤研究

目的：本研究主要在探討六年長期追蹤調查之孩童肥胖與學業成就之關係。 方法：2002年台中市某國小一年級學生參與本研究，並追蹤六年時間(樣本數為409人)。學業成就來自每年級學期末之學校校務系統登記之分數；學生身高與體重系於每年級學期初所測量之紀錄；身體質量指數(BMI)為體重(公斤)除以身高(公尺)的平方，並以國際肥胖工作小組(IOTF)的標準定義正常、過重及肥胖。並依據小一和小六體位的差異，將體位改變情形作分類。多變量線性迴歸用來預測小六成績，並控制個人基本資料、智商、和學校缺席日數。 結果：小一的肥胖盛行率，男生為18.8%，女生為15.2%，男女生間無顯著差異存在(p=.346)。六年後，肥胖盛行率上升，男生為34.3%，女生為20.7% (p=.002)；大約17.9%的男生和12.2%的女生一直都維持肥胖體位，16.9%的男生和9.5%的女生由正常變成肥胖體位。迴歸結果顯示，不管男生或女生，六年期間之體位改變與學業成就並無顯著關係存在。 結論：本研究六年長期追蹤調查結果支持肥胖與學業成就之間無顯著關係存在，提供現有文獻上體位改變與學業成就關係更深入的了解。

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the association between childhood obesity and academic performance with six-year follow-up. Methods: The first-grade students from one elementary school district in Taichung City, Taiwan participated in this study in 2002 and followed up for six years (n=409). Academic performance was extracted from the school records at the end of each grade. The weight and height were measured at the beginning of each grade and body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. The International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria were used to determine normal, overweight and obesity classifications. A weight change variable was created based on an individual’s weight status differences at grade one and grade six. Multivariate linear regression models for predicting academic performance at grade six were undertaken after adjusting for individual characteristics, intelligence quotient (IQ) and absenteeism at school. Results: At the first grade, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 18.8% in boys and 15.2% in girls. No significant difference was found between genders in obesity prevalence (p=.346). The obesity increased after six years, with 34.3% in boys and 20.7% in girls (p=.002). Around 17.9% of boys and 12.2% of girls were always overweight/obese and 16.9% of boys and 9.5% of girls became overweight/obese. The results of the regression analyses revealed that change in weight status over a six-year period was not significantly associated with academic performance among either boys or girls. Conclusion: This study provided additional support of the lack of independent association of obesity on academic performance over six years, extending the understanding of the relationship between weight change and academic performance.