Publication:

運動員吸煙對過氧化傷害的影響：以跆拳道為例

本研究旨在探討運動員吸煙對過氧化傷害的影響。實驗以參加2004年全國大專盃跆拳道比賽之跆拳道選手為受試對象，受試者分成兩組，一組為無吸煙習慣之跆拳道選手、一組為有吸煙習慣之跆拳道選手，分別採集比賽前與比賽後之血液樣本進行生化分析，分析項目包括：（1）脂質過氧化傷害指標：丙二醛（malondialdehyde, MDA）；（2）血液抗氧化酵素指標：超氧化物岐化酶（superoxide dismutase, SOD）、麩胱甘肽過氧化酶（glutathione peroxides, GPx）；（3）骨骼肌破損指標：肌酸激酶（creatine kinase, CK）、乳酸去氫酶（lactate dehydrogenase, LDH）； （4）心肌破損指標：MB型肌酸激酶（creatine kinase polypeptide subunit MB, CK-MB）； （5）肝細胞破損指標：谷草轉氨酶（glutamic oxaloacet transaminase, GOT）、谷丙轉氨酶（glutamic-pyruvic teansaminase, GPT）； （6）血球相關指標：紅血球數（red blood cell, RBC）、血紅素（hemoglobin, Hgb）及血比容（hematocrit, Hct）。研究以t-test比較比賽前、後，各生化值之變異，結果以平均值±標準誤表示。各研究數據均以 SPSS 10.0 for windows軟體進行統計分析，顯著差異機率值定為P<.05。結果顯示，比賽前所有血液生化分析數值皆已超過正常值範圍，無論組內或組間均未出現顯著之差異。對照組比賽前後組間之血球分析數值，Hct有顯著差異（p=.017）。

本研究獲得以下主要結論：1.比賽前之集訓期已經造成選手運動過氧化傷害；2.一次跆拳道比賽不會對選手造成顯著的過氧化傷害；3.有吸煙習慣之運動員比賽後吸煙對運動過氧化傷害沒有加成之效應；4.跆拳道比賽前之集訓期能有效的提高運動員身體抗氧化酵素酶SOD與GPx的活性，提高身體抵禦自由基的能力。

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cigarette smoking on per-oxidation injuries on athletes of the Tae Kwon Do. Volunteers Tae Kwon Do players from 2004 National College Games were assigned to No-smoke group and Smoking group. Blood samples were taken before and after competition. We used malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator of lipid per-oxidation, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxides (GPx) as indicators of the activity of anti-oxidation enzymes, the creatine kinase (CK) and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) appearing in the serum as the indicators of muscular damage, the creatine kinase polypeptide subunit MB (CK-MB) appearing in the serum as an indicator of myocardium damage, the glutamic oxaloacet transaminase (GOT) and glutamic-pyruvic teansaminase (GPT) appearing in the serum as indicators of liver cell damage, and the blood red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct) count as the indicators of hematocyte. Statistical analyses were performed on SPSS (v.10.0). Results are expressed as mean ± standard error (SE). The statistical significance of data was assessed by t-test. Only a probability level (p) of significance of p < .05 was considered significant. The results showed that all the mean variables of each blood biochemistry analysis were out of the normal range before competition and there was no significant difference between trails and within groups. Hct variables of No-smoke group showed significant difference within groups (p=.017).

The conclusions of this study are as followings：1) training period has caused the per-oxidation injuries on athletes of the Tae Kwon Do; 2) there was no significant per-oxidation injuries after the competition of the Tae Kwon Do; 3) cigarette smoking no cause more serious damage of per-oxidation injuries after the competition of the Tae Kwon Do; and 4) training has the protective effect on per-oxidation injuries by elevating the activity of SOD and GPx.