Publication:

台中市小學運動社團現況及教練選聘因素調查研究

本研究之目的旨在瞭解台中市國民小學運動社團辦理的現況，並探討國民小學運動社團教練選聘考量各因素之重視度及其差異性。本研究以台中市國民小學71所，選取66個學校的運動社團主管66人為研究對象。研究方法採問卷調查法，所得資料以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Scheffe法事後檢定等進行分析討論。

研究結果發現：一、台中市國民小學運動社團數平均為每校5.8個，比教育部(2006)所調查之全國平均4.39個為高；辦理率有五成以上的項目依序為籃球、跆拳道、田徑、舞蹈、直排輪、羽球等六項，辦理率偏低的項目依序為射箭、柔道、網球、游泳、國術、棒球等六項。二、運動社團主要經費來源依序為社團學生自費、學校體育經費、學生家長會補助。三、運動社團辦理阻礙因素主要的為缺乏專業運動教練、學生家長重視學業、低年級參與意願低。四、運動社團教練背景，以學校體育老師兼任者約佔三分之二，聘自校外者約佔三分之一。五、教練特質依序為具多元運動專長、社團帶隊能力佳、教學訓練表現良好、個人品德風評良好。六、教練選聘考量因素之重視度依序為運動技術能力、社團帶隊能力、教練個人品德、教學訓練表現、人際關係能力。七、運動社團主管背景變項中，具運動專長者對教練運動技術能力之重視度高於無運動專長者；對於社團帶隊能力之重視度，則與服務學校規模成正相關，規模愈大的學校重視度愈高。

依據研究結果提出建議，提供各國民小學或教育當局動學校運動社團、實施教練選聘，及有志從事學校運動社團教練工作者的參考。

The purpose of this study was to understand current situation of athletic organization in elementary schools in Taichung, and investigate the importance and difference of each factor for coach selection in elementary school athletic organization. This study adopted questionnaire survey on research subjects of 66 picking from 71 athletic organization directors in elementary schools. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistic, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Scheffe post-hoc test.

The results are as follows:

1. Elementary schools in Taichung City have an average of 5.8 athletic organizations, higher than the national average of 4.39, as surveyed by Ministry of Education (2006). More than 50% schools have sport activities in order of: basketball, taekwondo, track and field, dancing, in-line skates, and badminton. The schools have less interest in the following sport items: archery, judo, tennis, swimming, martial arts, and baseball.

2. Budget sources of the athletic organization are: students in the organization, school sport budget, and support from students’ parents association.

3. Barriers of the operation of sport organization are: lack of professional sport coach, students’ parents concern for schoolwork, and students who are in lower grade have less intention to participate.

4. Approximately two thirds of school sport teachers with coach experience in sport organization are part time staffs; one thirds of them are appointed from outside of the school.

5. Characteristics of coach include diverse sport expertise, team leadership, good performance in teaching and training, and good reputation in characters.

6. Factors to consider when selecting coaches in the order of importance are: sport skills, team leadership, personal characters, performance in teaching and training, and interpersonal relationship.

7. Among background variables of the director of sport organization, people with sport expertise emphasize more on coaches’ sport skill than people without sport expertise. There is positive relationship between the emphasis on team leadership and school size; larger schools pay more attention on team leadership.

Based on the research findings, this study proposed suggestions for elementary schools, education authority, and school sport organizations in selecting coaches. The results could also serve as references to those who are interested in working as school sport organization coaches.