Publication:

舉重專項訓練對專項體能成績及體脂肪之探討~以高雄市立鼓山高中為例~

本研究目的為探討六個月舉重專項訓練對於青少年舉重運動員之身體型態及體能成績的效益，本研究以高雄市立鼓山高級中學之具有舉重專長的青少年為對象，共有11名男運動員與14名女運動員參與。本研究量測參數包含身體質量指數、體脂肪率、各部位皮脂肪厚度(所有量測部位均以身體右側為主)、專項體能成績(前蹲舉、後蹲舉、窄硬舉、臥推舉)與競賽項目成績(抓舉、挺舉、舉重總和成績)。

研究結果指出舉重運動員經由六個月舉重專項訓練後，不論是男運動員或是女運動員其體重、體脂肪率、皮脂厚度(肱三頭肌、肩胛骨下方、大腿前側)，皆有顯著性增加(p<.05)。而專項體能成績與競賽項目成績於六個月舉重專項訓練後皆有增加的情形，其中男運動員之臥推舉、女運動員之後蹲舉；男女運動員之抓舉與舉重總和成績有明顯(p<.05)的增加。此外，男運動員之前蹲舉及臥推舉成績差值與挺舉成績差值及舉重總和成績差值結果間達到顯著(p<.05)正相關，女運動員之窄硬舉的成績差值與抓舉成績差值、挺舉成績差值及舉重總和成績差值間達到顯著(p<.05)正相關。透過建立多元逐步回歸，男運動員之臥推舉成績差值、女運動員之窄硬舉成績差值可以解釋舉重總和成績差值，因此特定幾項專項體能成績能預測舉重總和成績。

目前舉重的訓練方式以追求最大成績為其最終目標，因此，同時配合運動員的身體發展、肌力調整與技術的發展，都是教練在每天的訓練中均必須安排及思考。

The training program of weightlifting was extensively used for having the best score of weightlifting and performance; therefore, all of the training programs need to be based on the objectives of weightlifting to achieve the so-called organized and designed training program. The purpose of this study was to investigate that the effect of the body mass, skin fold, and the score of specific training and competition’s events after six months’ specific weightlifting training program. There were twenty-five teenage subjects (11 males and 14 females) participated in this study. The body mass, body mass index, and skin fold including triceps, sub-scapulars, thigh, were significantly increased (p<.05) after six months’ specific weightlifting training program. The score of back squat in male, bench press in female, snatch, and the summation of snatch and clean and jerk were also significantly increased (p<.05) after six months’ specific weightlifting training program. Specifically, the differences of front squat in male, bench press in male, dead lift in female are linearly increased (p<.05) with the differences of clean and jerk and the summation of snatch and clean and jerk. In other words, the differences of bench press in male and dead lift in female are good predictor that can explain the increased degree of the differences of the summation of snatch and clean and jerk. Based on the results of this study, well specific weightlifting training program plays an imperative and inevitable role in weightlifter’s performance to achieve well physiology conditions and physical performance.