Publication:

國小學童坐式生活型態及身體活動量對體適能的影響之研究

本研究主要目的是在探討國小學童其坐式生活型態與身體活動量的差異性分析，並進一步探討坐式生活型態及身體活動量對體適能之影響。依身體質量指數(BMI)選取受試學童，共計取樣肥胖組男學童111位、肥胖組女學童5 4位、非肥胖組男學童203位、非肥胖女學童243位，共計611位學童參與本研究。所有受試學童均接受坐式生活型態之問卷、填寫三日身體活動量回憶紀錄表，並接受柔軟度（坐姿體前彎）、肌耐力（一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐）、瞬發力（立定跳遠）、心肺耐力（八百公尺）跑走等體適能檢測，檢測方式依台灣教育部所頒布之方法實施。所得資料運用SPSS 12.0進行分析，以獨立樣本t考驗及皮爾遜積差相關為統計方法，顯著水準α＝ 0.05，資料分析後獲得以下結果：一、肥胖組男童的坐式生活型態時間顯著高於非肥胖組男童，肥胖組女童的坐式生活型態時間顯著高於非肥胖組女童。二、非肥胖組男童的身體活動量顯著高於肥胖組男童，非肥胖組女童的身體活動量顯著高於肥胖組女童。三、肥胖組男童身體活動量顯著高於肥胖組女童，非肥胖組男童身體活動量顯著高於非肥胖組女童。四、非肥胖組的男童在柔軟度、瞬發力、肌耐力及心肺耐力等體適能方面的表現顯著優於肥胖組男童，非肥胖組的女童則在瞬發力及心肺耐力二項的表現顯著優於肥胖組女童。五、非肥胖組男童其坐式生活型態與身體活動量呈顯著正相關；肥胖組女童及非肥胖組女童在假日時，其坐式生活型態與身體活動量皆呈顯著負相關。本研究之結論，較多的坐式行為可能導致較少的身體活動量、肥胖及較差的體適能表現。若能更好的了解坐式生活型態與身體活動量及肥胖之間的關係，對預防及減少兒童的肥胖是非常關鍵的。

This study was mainly to examine the differences of sedentary life-style and physical activity between students in primary schools. It also attempted to give a further study on the relationship between sedentary life-style and physical activity. Subjects were screened by in accordance with Body Mass Index (BMI). There were 111 boys and 54 girls from the obese group and 203 boys and 243 girls from non-obese group, total of 611 students participated in this study. Every participant should fill out the questionnaire toward sedentary life-style and physical activity. All of the participants’ performances were recorded in a three-day physical activity recalling table. The results were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 with significant level of α＝0.05. The results were as follows: a. Boys from the obese group had a significantly higher sedentary life-style level than those in non-obese group. Girls from the obese group had a significantly higher sedentary life-style level than those in non-obese group. b. Boys from the non-obese group had a significantly higher physical activity level than those in obese group. Girls from the non-obese group also had a significantly higher physical activity level than those in obese group. c. Boys from the obese group had a significantly higher physical activity level than girls in the obese group. Girls from the non-obese group had a significantly higher physical activity level than girls in the non-obese group. d. As for measurements of health-related physical fitness such as flexibility, explosive force, muscular endurance and cardiovascular endurance, boys from the non-obese group were significantly better than boys from the obese group. Girls from the non-obese group were significantly better than girls from the obese group in the measurements such as explosive force and cardiovascular endurance. e. Boys from the non-obese group had a positive correlation between sedentary life-style level and physical activity level. Girls from the obese group and non-obese group had a negative correlation between sedentary life-style level and physical activity level. High sedentary behavior may lead to low physical activity, obesity and inferior performance in health-related physical fitness. Developing a better understanding of sedentary behavior in relation to physical activity and obesity is critical for preventing and reducing obesity among children.