Publication:

苗栗縣推展舞龍活動之研究

本研究以推展舞龍活動的苗栗縣為本研究對象，研究目的在探討舞龍起源與發展、探索苗栗縣中小學舞龍活動之推展、探究苗栗縣社會舞龍活動之推展及分析舞龍活動策略。本研究以歷史研究法、文獻分析法，輔以訪談法進行研究。研究結論如下

1.舞龍活動源於古時祈雨活動。臺灣舞龍源起於中國，隨先民遷徙帶至臺灣；苗栗客家舞龍由中國同為客家族群流傳過來。臺灣民間舞龍常見於迎神慶典；軍中舞龍多為國家慶典組成；學校舞龍由於體育政策問題，發展受限制。

2.學校舞龍由教育部體育司推動，苗栗縣則為教育處體健科及社教課負責。臺灣學校舞龍隊面臨活動經費、教學師資、社會資源困境，解決建議為依據評鑑機制，作為補助基本經費標準、爭取社區或企業贊助、積極培育舞龍師資。

3.社會舞龍由體委會全民運動處掌管規畫，苗栗縣由國際文化觀光局及苗栗市公所民政課推動。臺灣民間龍隊面臨資源分配、推動經費、參與意願困境，解決方式為爭取社區或企業贊助、補助經費管道公開、有效運用人力資源。

4.舞龍推展策略：政府制定獎勵及輔導政策，訪視評鑑確實。民間及學校方面，鼓勵企業贊助或認養，結合社區資源。

This study probes into the promotion of dragon dance in Miaoli County. The purposes are: to explore the origin and development of dragon dance; to investigate the promotion of dragon dance in Miaoli County; to examine the development of dragon dance program in middle and elementary schools in Miaoli County; strategies of analysing dragon dance. Historical research method and literature analysis are adopted as research methods, and interviews are conducted. The findings are as follows:

1.Dragon dance started as an ancient activity to pray for rain. The origin of dragon dance in Taiwan with the migration of China into Taiwan. The spread of Miaoli’s Hakka dragon dance is assumed to be derived from Hakka ethnic groups in China. At present, folk dragon dance in Taiwan is often organized temporarily in ceremonies celebrating the welcoming of god；in the military, dragon dances are performed in the national festivals; in schools, dragon dance due to the restrictions of physical education policies, this cultural activity is undermined.

2.The promotion of dragon dance in schools is managed by the Department of Physical Education, Ministry of Education, while the same duty in Miaoli County is carried out by the Physical and Health Education Section, and the Social Education Division in the Department of Education. The current difficulties confronting dragon dance teams in schools are insufficient fund and lack of teachers. The solutions to these obstacles are to subsidize basic funds according to the evaluation mechanism, to train teachers to specialize in teaching dragon dance more actively.

3.The dragon dance in civil society is organized and regulated by the Department of Sports for All , Sports Affair Council (SAC). In Miaoli County, the promotion of this activity is managed by Government International Cultural Tourism Bureau and Civil Affairs Section, Miaoli City Office. Civil dragon dance teams in Taiwan are facing the issues of unequal distribution of resources, insufficient funds for promotion, and low willingness to participate. Solutions to these issues include strive for funds from enterprises, make the channels for subsidies more transparent and public, and make use of human resources more efficiently.

4.Promotion strategies of dragon team dances: The government should establish reward and guidance policies, implement visitation and evaluation more accurately. With respect to civil societies and schools, enterprises should be encouraged to support or adopt this cultural activity; community resources should be integrated and shared.