Publication:

體溫週期變化對女子角力選手身體組成及專項體能之效應

中文摘要

本研究的主要目的在探討基礎體溫的變化對女子角力選手專項運動訓練時的生理反應及身體組成之效應。本項實驗的受試者，為十二名專項的女子角力選手，每位選手每日均接受常規的角力專項訓練，平均年齡為17.0±1.04歲，身高161.8±4.70公分，體重58.8±10.09公斤，平均學習年資3.5±1.56。每位選手分別以月經週期的「低溫期」（月經開始到排卵日）及「高溫期」（從排卵第二天到月經開始前）的雙相性週期，來進行身體組成（身高、體重、體脂肪百分比、脂肪重、淨體重、基礎代謝率、身體總水量）、專項體能測驗(握力、軀幹肌力、下肢動力及反應時間)以及專項運動－角力擒抱摔的相關研究。藉以分析基礎體溫變化對其運動能力及身體組成的影響。本研究所得結論如下：

(一)基礎體溫變化對安靜時心跳率的影響並未達顯著差異。最大心跳率，除1600M的平均心跳率達到顯著的水準外，專項動作－角力擒抱摔亦無達顯著的差異水準。但從平均值來看、高溫期的數值均高於低溫期。

(二)基礎體溫變化對握力、軀幹肌力、下肢動力以及反應時間的表現，在低溫期及高溫期之間的差異皆未達到顯著差異水準。

(三)基礎體溫變化對體脂肪百分比、脂肪重、淨體重、基礎代謝率及身體總水量等項目，皆未達到顯著差異水準。

(四)基礎體溫變化在血液常規項目方面，低溫期及高溫期間，除了紅血球（RBC）達顯著水準外，其他各項並無顯著差異。

(五)握力於低溫期間與瘦肉重、基礎代謝率及身體總水量呈顯著正相關，其他各項測試之間並無顯著相關。

(六)握力在高溫期間與脂肪重、身體總水量呈顯著正相關，其他各項測試之間並無顯著相關。

由實驗結果得知，基礎體溫變化對專項體能及專項運動的影響、是沒有太大的差異。

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect between physiological reaction and body composition of those female wrestlers when they were engaged in specialized exercise training. The testers in this experiment were twelve female professional wrestles who engaged in regular wrestling specialized training. The average age was 17± 1.04 years old, height was 169±4.70cm, weight was 58.8±10.09kg, and learning experience was 3.5± 1.56 years. The tests of body compositions (including of height, weight, the percentage of body fat , lean body mass, the average of basal metabolism and the total basal body fluid. ) and physical fitness (including of hand grip, trunk strength, lower limb strength, reaction time) were worked during low-temperature period and high-temperature period. The influence of Basic Body Temperature (BBT) change to exercise abilities was analyzed through HRrest and HRmax recorded in takedown. The results indicate that:

1. It was not significant that BBT affected to HRrest. The influence of the wrestling special skill to HRrest was still not obvious except the average heart rate in 1600M. Looking the average, the values on high-temperature period were higher than those on low-temperature period.

2. All of BBT performed hand grip, trunk strength, lower limb strength, reaction time items were not significant change between low-temperature period and high-temperature period.

3. All of BBT on body fat percentage, fat weight, lean body mass, Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and the total capacity of body fluid didn’t achieve significant level.

4. On the blood analysis data, there were no significant difference between low-temperature period and high-temperature period on all items except Red Blood Cell(RBC).

5. Hand grip on low-temperature period was actively related to lean body mass, BMR and the total capacity of body fluid.

6. Hand grip on high-temperature period was actively related to fat weight, and the total capacity of body fluid.

The change of BBT didn’t affect body compositions and the abilities of specialized exercise.