Publication:

增強式訓練對大專田徑短跑選手的速度與爆發力之影響

目的：探討介入六週增強式訓練對大專田徑短跑選手速度及爆發力之影響。方法：以男性8名、女性4名，共12名大專田徑短跑選手為研究對象，介入連續六週，每週三次之增強式訓練，主要訓練項目為：深跳、大步跨越跳、欄架跳；並於介入前、介入後及停止訓練四週後，分別進行速度及爆發力相關檢測，測驗項目包括：起跑30公尺衝刺跑、垂直跳、立定跳及膝關節等速肌力測驗，研究資料以單因子變異數進行統計分析。結果：介入六週增強式訓練前、後及停止訓練四週後，在三次不同測驗別中，參與者的垂直跳皆達顯著差異水準 (p<.05)，經事後比較發現，後測及追蹤測驗成績均顯著優於前測值，立定跳遠則在前、後測達顯著差異水準　(p<.05) ；等速肌力測驗，慣用腳僅240°/sec角速度屈曲力量達顯著水準　(p<.05) ，而非慣用腳皆達顯著水準　(p<.05) ，後測及追蹤測驗成績均優於前測值；速度測驗則在訓練前、後未達顯著水準　(p>.05) 。結論：介入六週增強式訓練，對大專田徑短跑選手爆發力似乎有提升的效果。

Purpose: To investigate the influences between speed and power after 6-week plyometric training for university sprinters. Methods: Twelve university sprinters, 8 men and 4 women, were recruited. They executed plyometric training 3 times per week for 6 weeks. The training included deep jump, forward jump by large stride, jumping through hurdle. Speed and power examination would be tested at before, after intervention and 4 weeks after the end of training. The examination included sprint time for 30 meters from block, height of vertical jump, length of stand jump, and knee joint isokinetic test. One-way ANOVA, were used to test the results. Results: After 6-week plyometric training, there were significant differences at height of vertical jump, length of stand jump among 3 test times (p<.05). Post-hoc tests revealed the height of vertical jump result of post-test and 4-week follow-up were significantly better than the pre-test (p<.05). Moreover, post-test of length of stand jump was better than pre-test (p<.05). There was a significant difference at length of stand between pre-test and post-test. There was a significant difference in dominant leg flexion strength at 240°/sec of isokinetic test (p<.05). Results of post-test and 4 weeks after the end of training were significantly better than the pre-test in all isometric test of non-dominant leg (p<.05). However, speed tests were not significant differences between before and after training (p>.05). Conclusion: Power would increase after 6-week plyometric training for university sprinters.