Publication:

我國優秀男子混合運動選手體能與成績表現之研究

本研究目的是探討我國優秀男子混合運動選手的體能與成績表現，了解選手現況特性、訓練時需改進加強的方向以及體能評量方式。受試者分別為我國95年男子混合運動年度排名前四名選手；本研究收集受試者94~96年的混合運動成績；並且在96年全國運動會前一個月內的比賽階段，進行相關的體能測驗，項目包括身體組成測量(身高、體重、體脂肪)、雙腳立定三步跳、鉛球後拋、30m衝刺、仰臥推舉、最大攝氧量、以及溫蓋特(Wingate)無氧動力(最高無氧動力、平均無氧動力、疲勞指數)等六項。研究結果顯示我國混合運動選手屬於速度型，但成績表現效率(EPE)較差，選手成績相較之下，在1500公尺、跳高、以及跳遠共三項差距太大，所以項目之間發展不平衡、成績表現較不穩定；若要進軍世界，我國選手則在跳遠、400公尺、撐竿跳高這三項需再提升，而在1500公尺項目也應縮短差距。在體能表現方面，則還需全面提升，尤其在30m加速跑、雙腳立定三步跳、鉛球後拋、仰臥推舉、最大攝氧量、溫蓋特平均無氧動力以及疲勞指數等項目之能力。另外，混合運動的體能評量方式，可依溫蓋特最高無氧動力，來評估選手的體能狀態與投擲項目；可依雙腳立定三步跳，來評估短跑與跳躍項目的能力；可依溫蓋特平均無氧動力與疲勞指數，來評估耐力項目的能力。

The purpose of this study were try to reveal the relationship of the Taiwanese elite decathlon athletes their physical fitness and performance . Understanding their current situation, the direction of training improvement and method of physical fitness evaluation. Four subjects were used from top four ranking of 2006 in Taiwan; this study collect the decathlon record from 2005-2007, and examed all related physical fitness test one month before the competition, the test included 6 events；(1) body composition (height、weight and body fat)(2)three double-leg jumps(3)overhead shot put(4)30m fly start dash(5)bench press(6)maximal oxygen uptake；VO2max、and Wingate anaerobic test (peak anaerobic power；PK、mean anaerobic power；MP、fatigue index，FI).Results of this study have shown that the decathlon athletes of Taiwan are superior in sprints, but poor in event performance efficiency(EPE) , through the cross comparison between athletes, the differences among 1500 meters ran、high jump、and long jump is too extreme, lack of balance between all events, and the performance is not stabilize; to achieve the world level, the decathlon athletes of Taiwan should be improved are as follow? (1) long jump(2) 400 meters(3) and pole vault, and also should shorten the 1500 meters. Specially in the 30 m fly start dash、three double-leg jumps、overhead shot put、bench press、VO2max、MP and ability of FI, the physical fitness evaluation of decathlon athletes, could use PK to evaluate the physical situation and throws events; could use three double-leg jumps to evaluate the ability of sprints and jumps events; and we could use MP and FI to evaluate the ability of 1500 meters.