There were 12 middle-long distance runners(male: 7, female: 5)in The National Taiwan College of Physical Education. Their average age, height, and weight are 20.5±2.15 years old, 168±8.98cm, and 57.5±8.36kg. Subjects were tested for red blood cell (RBC),hemoglobin (HB), and hematocrit (Hct) at sea level, the first week of after altitude training period then the second week, and the end training. To REPEAT ONEWAY ANOVA show: 1. Significant increase of RBC in the end training. 2. The HB was no significant difference among the four-time measure. 3. Significant increase of Hct in the end training. The results indicated moderate altitude training inducing RBC and Hct increase.