Publication:

休閒阻礙、休閒利益與活躍老化之關係探討

近年來隨著科技發展，民眾的壽命也隨之延長，而在伴隨而來的則是高齡化社會的來到。各先進國家皆採取相關的因應措施，皆顯示出高齡人口已非過去所謂的低生產力群眾，只要能夠給予適當地幫助，他們仍然能夠活躍於社會，並且提供產出。因此，本研究採用活躍老化之概念定義，試著釐清休閒運動與活躍老化之間的關係，以了解休閒運動對於活躍老化之影響。本研究採用美國PBRN(Practical Based Research Network)實證研究系統，針對高齡人口休閒利益與阻礙所研發之量表以及部分SF-36自評量表組成問卷，來進行台灣地區有休閒運動習慣之高齡人口調查。並利用SPSS統計分析軟體以及AMOS路徑分析進行檢驗，找出休閒阻礙、休閒利益與活躍老化之關係。本研究發現，對於性別來說並無顯著差異，然而過了75歲之後則有極大的反差。75歲以上者由於缺乏健康，因此在阻礙與社會支持上顯示差異。獨居者生理表現較佳，然而社會支持與心理狀況則較差。參與志工、經濟較好以及教育水準較高者，對於各構面的表現皆較好。其中破除休閒阻礙會對活躍老化狀態產生較大的影響。而高齡人口最大的休閒阻礙在於「缺乏運動相關技巧」以及「害怕受傷」。

With modern changes, it must be seriousle considered the aged society problems. Modern countries have adopted some relevant policies, which shows that elder citizens are not non-productive people, only with certain help, they can still be active in society and participate in productivity. Thus, this study adopted the active aging concept trying to figure out the relation between leisure activity and active aging, to realize the impact in it. This study adopted two questionnaires, including US.PBRN (Practical Based Research Network) which was developed to measure elder citizens’ leisure barriers and benefits. And SF-36, to survey the elderly with leisure activity habit in Taiwan. With above, this study used SPSS and AMOS program to examine the data to find out the relationships among leisure barriers, leisure benefits and active aging. After examination, there’s no significant difference in gender, but a very special distribution after 75 years old. With regard to lack of health, they’re different in barriers and social supports. Those who live in solitude perform better in physical but worse in other two dimensions. Participation in volunteering, better economic status and higher education ones perform better in all dimensions. It’s more efficient to move off barriers, and the most vigorous barrier is “lack of skill” and “fear of injury”