Publication:

台灣青少年柔道運動員運動傷害調查與成因分析

運動傷害對運動員造成極大的困擾，不僅直接影響運動員在比賽場上的心理、生理與運動成績表現，運動傷害的程度更攸關運動生涯長短。本研究主要利用問卷調查青少年柔道選手之運動傷害分佈情形、傷害形成的原因、傷害的危險因子、選手傷害後的處理、就醫方式與治療情形、運動傷害防護認知與行動，以提供柔道運動傷害的預防與處置之參考，並提供行政單位制定運動傷害預防政策之依據。本調查結果發現青少年柔道選手：(一)受傷時機在訓練時佔74.3﹪；(二) 造成傷害的主要原因為勉強硬撐19.0﹪；(三) 受傷的類型為肌肉拉傷24.8﹪、受傷的部位腳踝佔13.2﹪；(四) 發生運動傷害後，第一時間的處理方式以冰敷63.0﹪； (五) 就醫方式以找尋中醫（含國術師、推拿師）26.0﹪，不會持續治療佔56.9﹪；(六)受傷期間仍繼續運動70.1﹪，其主要原因為比賽期34.4﹪（七)運動傷害防護知識來自於教練59.8﹪，賽前針對傷害部位的防護措施以貼紮38.9﹪，賽後對受傷部位的照護以冰敷56.3﹪比率最高。教練應給於青少年選手正確、適當的訓練觀念，幫助青少年選手的全面性發展，並灌輸正確的運動傷害防護知識，避免青少年選手過度傷害，降低青少年選手運動生命。

Sport injuries cause extreme difficulties for athletes, since they not only influence the athletes mental and physical performances during competitions, they also play a key factor in the duration of their sport careers. This study investigates the distribution, causes and risk factors along with access to medical care and therapeutic regimen. It also looks at athlete recognition and care prevention as well as the reaction of teenager judo injuries through questionnaires, in order to develop a precaution adoption process model of judo and provide information to administrative authorities for policy making. The results from this research project concerning the survey of teenager judo athletes show: 1) The most common time of injury is during training (74.3% of cases); 2) the major cause of injury was over training (19.0%); 3) muscle strain was the most common injury (24.8% of cases), of which 13.2% were ankle related; (4) 63% of survey responders used ice patches as first aid when injured; (5) 26.0% sought traditional Chinese medicine for treatment, including traditional massage, but 56.9% did not carry on the therapy afterwards. (6) 70% of responders continued training in order to compete; (7) the knowledge of care prevention of doing sport was largely from trainers (59.8%) with 38.9% taping for the wounds prior to the competition period and 56.3% utilising ice patches to care for wounds following the competition. To sum up, trainers ought to instruct correct and appropriate concepts of training to help youth athletes to develop their abilities safely and to their maximum potential, instilling correct care prevention of sport, avoiding youth athletes being injured and resulting in the reduction of their career.